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多层均压结构可加工陶瓷真空沿面耐电特性的实验与仿真研究

, PP. 148-154

Keywords: 真空,可加工陶瓷,多层均压,沿面电场,电子运动轨迹,闪络场强

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Abstract:

真空中沿固体绝缘材料表面的闪络电压通常远低于绝缘材料自身及相同长度真空间隙的击穿电压,这一现象极大地限制了高压真空设备的发展。将一种具有优良可加工性能和良好耐电性能的可加工陶瓷引入真空绝缘领域,结合工程实际中的绝缘堆结构,加工制作了多层均压结构;在纳秒脉冲电压下对不同多层均压结构的样品进行了真空沿面耐电性能的测试,并分析了不同均压结构对样品沿面电场和电子运动轨迹的影响。结果表明:多层均压结构样品的耐压强度要高于圆柱形样品,且其闪络场强随着绝缘层与金属层比例的增大有增大的趋势,径向电场随该比例的增大而减小;使用圆台形绝缘子组成多层均压绝缘结构时,电子难以与样品表面发生碰撞,闪络的稳定性得到了一定程度的提高。

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