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绝缘介质表面流注发展特性的机理研究

, PP. 155-165

Keywords: 沿面闪络,流注放电,绝缘介质,“三电极”结构,流注传播概率,流注传播速度

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Abstract:

绝缘介质表面流注的发展是沿面闪络中的重要的物理过程,研究绝缘介质表面流注的发展特性有助于揭示沿面闪络的机理,对输电线路及电力设备的绝缘设计有着重要的意义。在“三电极”结构中,利用光电倍增管测量不同绝缘介质表面流注传播概率和传播速度随平板间电场强度的变化规律:绝缘介质表面流注传播所需的稳定传播场强大于流注在空气间隙中稳定传播的场强;同时,在高场强下,绝缘介质表面流注拥有“沿面分量”和“空气分量”2个分量,而流注在空气间隙中传播时不存在“沿面分量”,只有“空气分量”。此外,不同绝缘介质表面流注稳定传播场强和传播速度存在差异:沿面流注的稳定传播场强与介质的介电常数成正比;流注的传播速度与介质的介电常数的关系不太明显,主要与介质表面电荷附着效应和光致电子发射效应有关。

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