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两种纵磁电极下真空电弧初始扩散过程的仿真研究

DOI: 10.13334/j.0258-8013.pcsee.2014.36.021, PP. 6536-6544

Keywords: 真空电弧,扩散过程,纵向磁场,模型,仿真

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Abstract:

研究大电流真空电弧形态和等离子体参数的演变过程对于进一步理解真空电弧具有重要意义。该文采用Ansys计算分析了真空灭弧室中杯状电极和1/3匝线圈电极间的纵向磁场。分别计算了在峰值时刻,电弧初始扩散2ms内电极间的纵向磁场分布。计算结果表明,杯状电极间纵磁呈钟形分布而线圈式电极类似马鞍形分布。在电弧初始扩散阶段,电极间纵向磁场很弱,纵磁随时间增大。利用以上磁场分布,对两种大容量电极进行磁流体建模和仿真,在大开断电流条件下,与杯状电极比较,线圈电极沿径向扩散更明显。随着电弧的扩散,电流密度的分布更加均匀,离子温度最大值由阳极中心转移到弧柱边沿,电子温度在整个电弧中趋于3eV。将仿真结果与弧柱图像作对比,计算光强的变化与弧柱亮度变化一致。

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