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配网高阻接地故障伏安特性分析及检测

DOI: 10.13334/j.0258-8013.pcsee.2014.22.029, PP. 3815-3823

Keywords: 配电系统,高阻接地故障,伏安特性,最小二乘拟合,非线性识别

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Abstract:

中性点有效接地中压配电网常发生弧光高阻接地故障,短路电流小,零序保护无法动作切除,但存在的电弧易引发火灾、人身伤亡等恶性事故。传统故障检测算法一般基于电弧热平衡模型,采用基于傅里叶变换的频域信号分析方法,但在非线性电弧的强噪声环境下检测成功率较低。针对该问题,首先提出了基于固体介质电击穿原理的非线性电弧模型,分析了电路线性元件和高阻接地非线性电阻的伏安特性,从时域角度采用最小二乘线性拟合抽取故障特征,提出了基于故障电阻非线性识别的高阻接地故障检测算法。大量仿真数据和现场试验数据证明了该故障模型比传统模型更精确,且所提检测算法具有较高的灵敏性和可靠性。

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