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异步电机无速度传感器模型预测控制

DOI: 10.13334/j.0258-8013.pcsee.2014.15.012, PP. 2422-2429

Keywords: 异步电机,模型预测控制,无速度传感器,全阶观测器

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Abstract:

模型预测控制(modelpredictivecontrol,MPC)是近年来在交流电机控制领域得到广泛关注的一种优化控制方法。对于两电平逆变器驱动的异步电机系统,传统MPC需要对定子磁链和定子电流进行7次预测得到使目标函数最小的最佳电压矢量,计算量较大,不利于在线实施。通过解析推导定子电流和定子磁链之间的关系,该文提出一种改进的MPC,只需对定子磁链进行预测,省却了计算相对复杂的定子电流预测,使算法复杂性和计算量得到显著降低。另外在MPC的基础上,为了提高系统的可靠性和降低硬件成本,采用速度自适应全阶观测器实现了无速度传感器运行。文中考虑了数字控制延迟对MPC的影响,并提出了补偿方法,采用预励磁的方法获得较大的启动转矩并减小启动电流。最后在两电平逆变器异步电机平台上进行仿真和实验,结果表明,该文提出的无速度传感器模型预测控制,在较宽的速度范围内都具有良好的动静态性能。

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