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中国沙漠  2014 

1999-2010年陕甘宁黄土高原区荒漠化空间特征

DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2013.00360

Keywords: 陕甘宁地区,荒漠化,人类活动,植被降水利用率,NDVI

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Abstract:

荒漠化是中国当前面临的主要生态环境问题之一。本文以长时间序列的遥感数据NDVI为基础,关注其年际动态变化特征,选取植被降水利用率作为评价指标,利用时间序列分析方法和残差法,评价陕甘宁地区1999-2010年的荒漠化发展态势以及人类活动在土地退化中所起的作用,并初步讨论荒漠化逆转问题。结果表明:近12年,陕甘宁地区大部分地区植被功能显著增强,生态环境状况趋于好转,尤其在研究区域的中部以及黄河沿岸生态环境趋于好转较明显,只有极少数地区出现退化现象。陕甘宁地区植被生态功能适宜年降水量在300~500mm区间,当年降水量大于500mm时,植被功能恢复能力会出现衰退趋势。在研究区,人类活动主要表现为正作用,只有1.65%表现为负作用较少,且为不显著负作用,分布零散。干旱区、半干旱区荒漠界线不稳定,容易造成荒漠化逆转的假象,误导人们对荒漠化逆转评价。因此,判断荒漠化逆转问题要在特定的时空尺度上,同时要结合当年的气候以及人类活动的因素影响进行分析。

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