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中国沙漠  2014 

人工卵石床面风沙流粒度特征

DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2013.00229

Keywords: 人工卵石床面,戈壁,风沙流,粒度

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Abstract:

沉积物粒径分布对风沙沉积物的起动、输送和沉降过程十分重要。不同粒径的风沙沉积物空气动力学特征不同,从而导致其起动机理、输送过程和沉降模式不同。因此,粒度可以作为风沙沉积过程的指示器。戈壁是西北地区的一种重要地貌景观,戈壁风沙流是风沙物理研究的内容之一,但目前研究较少,特别是对戈壁风沙流粒度分布的研究,几乎没有报道。本文利用人工卵石床面模拟戈壁地表,对0.25、0.5、1m和2m高度的风沙流粒度特征进行观测,结果表明:沙源、地表状况、风程效应等影响沙粒粒径随高度的变化。沙源近,平均粒径随高度先减小后增加;沙源远,平均粒径随高度增加减小。戈壁表面的不同区域,沙粒粒径级配不同:随高度增加,粗砂,中砂含量降低,细砂、极细砂和粉砂含量增加;随距离增加,中砂含量降低,细砂、极细砂和粉砂含量增加。平均粒径越大,分选越好,偏度越趋于正偏,峰度越趋于变宽。偏度、峰度随分选系数增加而增加。峰度随偏度增加而增加。

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