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中国沙漠  2014 

沙坡头地区地形对凝结水形成特征的影响

DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2013.00189

Keywords: 凝结水,高程,坡度,坡向,坡位

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Abstract:

以沙坡头地区经草方格沙障固定的典型流动沙丘作为研究对象,采用PVC管手动称重法和布板法(CPM—Cloth-PlateMethod)对该区不同地形位置凝结水的形成特征进行了研究。结果表明:地形作用下凝结水的形成量和形成间期均表现为中等空间异质性;不同坡向凝结水形成量符合经典的水汽对流模型,丘间低地凝结水形成量最高,迎风坡凝结水形成量高于背风坡,具体表现为:丘间低地>西面向坡>北面向坡>丘顶>南面向坡>东面向坡;同一坡向不同坡位处凝结水形成量表现为:坡脚>坡中>坡顶;坡度与凝结水形成量呈负的线性相关关系,随着坡度的增加,凝结水形成量逐渐减少,垂直坡面上凝结水形成量仅为水平面的一半。这说明地形是影响干旱区凝结水形成特征的重要因子。

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