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科学通报  2012 

2011年3月11日日本地震震前电离层异常变化分析

DOI: 10.1360/csb2012-57-5-355, PP. 355-365

Keywords: 地震,VTEC,电离层异常,电离层层析,GNSS

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Abstract:

以2011年3月11日日本本州东海岸附近海域发生的Mw9.0级地震为背景,利用震中附近GNSS观测站数据计算得到的VTEC和电离层测高仪站的f0F2数据,分析了地震前后的电离层异常.发现3月8日存在明显的正异常,且明显的异常持续了6h.进一步分析电离层异常的空间分布后,认为3月8日中午至日落前后发生的电离层正异常很可能是由于孕育地震而引起的.通过给出的3月8日VTEC二维异常分布图发现异常的区域在经度方向跨度有50°,在纬度方向接近20°,长度大致为31,电离层VTEC异常峰值出现在1500~1900LT之间,峰值点并不位于震中的正上方,而是位于震中偏向赤道方向,在赤道共轭区也存在异常,而在全球其他区域没有显著的异常.为深入分析该天电离层异常的变化情况,采用电离层层析技术重构了震区附近电离层电子密度时空分布,确认3月8日的电离层异常可看作是日本311地震的前兆.

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