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科学通报  2013 

中国黑碳气溶胶排放量及其空间分布

, PP. 1855-1864

Keywords: 黑碳,排放清单,排放因子,空间分布

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Abstract:

基于国家统计数据、国内最新实测排放因子数据和更符合中国实际情况的机动车排放因子模型计算了中国大陆(不包含港澳台地区)2008年黑碳气溶胶排放清单,并建立0.5°×0.5°的黑碳排放空间分布图.2008年中国大陆黑碳排放总量为160.494×104t.其中工业源和居民生活消费源是最主要的贡献者,分别为69.503×104和63.602×104t,占总量的82.9%;交通运输黑碳排放量为19.463×104t,贡献了总量的12.1%;但不同省市各行业源贡献比例差异显著,可分为工业源贡献区、居民生活源贡献区、工业源和居民生活源共同贡献区,以及交通源贡献区.从能源类型看,黑碳主要来源于煤炭和生物燃料燃烧,分别占51.0%和32.2%.黑碳排放空间分布不均匀,呈东高西低的趋势,与区域经济发展情况和农村人口密度一致;其中高排放量地区以全国总面积的5.7%贡献了总排放量的41.2%,山西、河北、山东、河南以及四川等地具有较高的排放量.

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