β-葡萄糖苷酶体外分子改造研究进展
Development in molecular modification of β-glucosidase in vitro

β-葡萄糖苷酶是纤维素酶的重要成分之一，负责纤维素的最终降解，在畜牧生产、食品行业、能源和医疗卫生等领域都有重要应用. 天然来源的β-葡萄糖苷酶表达水平低、分离纯化困难，阻碍了β-葡萄糖苷酶的进一步应用. 利用蛋白质工程技术对β-葡萄糖苷酶进行体外改造，提高其糖苷水解或者低聚糖苷合成活性，是β-葡萄糖苷酶研究及应用的趋势. 就β-葡萄糖苷酶体外分子改造的研究进展及成果进行综述，比较不同分子改造策略的特点，总结β-葡萄糖苷酶分子改造过程中的一般规律，展望β-葡萄糖苷酶分子改造的研究及发展方向，为微生物来源的β-葡萄糖苷酶的体外分子改造研究提供参考.
Beta-glucosidases are the important members of cellulases，which are responsible for the final step in natural degradation of cellulose. They are widely applied in livestock industry，food industry，as well as energy，health and other fields. However，the low expression level or difficult to separate and purify of β-glucosidase，seriously impeded the native β-glucosidase for further applications. Using protein engineering techniques to modify the enzyme in vitro and subsequently to obtain some excellent qualities，especially in improving the glucoside hydrolytic activity or oligosaccharide synthesis activity，is the trends in the study of β-glucosidase. This paper make an overview on the researches and achievements in molecular modification in vitro of β-glucosidase. The characteristics of different molecular modification strategies and summarize the general laws in β-glucosidase molecular modification process are compared. Research and development needs are outlooked. This summarization provides reference to studies of microbial β-glucosidase molecular modification in vitro