全部 标题 作者
关键词 摘要

OALib Journal期刊
ISSN: 2333-9721
费用：99美元
投递稿件

查看量下载量

相关文章

更多...
棉花学报  2014 

减少化肥配施有机肥对滴灌棉花N、P吸收和产量的影响

DOI: 1002-7807（2014）04-0342-08, PP. 342-349

Keywords: 棉花,氮磷养分,有机肥,肥料利用率,土壤肥力

Full-Text   Cite this paper   Add to My Lib

Abstract:

施用有机肥是作物增产和提升地力的有效途径。本试验在连续定位施肥的第3年，研究了常规单施化肥（CF）和化肥减量20%～40%、配施3000～6000kg·hm-2不同种类的有机类肥料对棉株干物质质量，产量，氮、磷吸收量，土壤保水性以及养分利用率的影响。结果表明，与单施化肥相比，减化肥配施有机肥各处理的生物量在蕾期、铃期和吐絮期分别增加4.3%～30.0%、16.8%～35.1%和18.5%～38.8%；棉花产量在第3年提高了6.9%～18.5%，其中施用6000kg·hm-2生物有机肥获得最高产，子棉产量为7578kg·hm-2。施用有机肥能增加棉株对氮、磷养分的吸收，且显著提高了氮肥利用率(P＜0.05)以及田间持水量，生物有机肥对磷肥利用率的提高优于普通有机肥。

 References

[1]  张夫道. 有机-无机肥料配合是现代施肥技术的发展方向[J]. 土壤肥料, 1984(1): 16-19.
[2]  Zhang Fudao. Organic inorganic fertilizer is the developing direction of the modern fertilization technology[J]. Soil and Fertilizer, 1984(1): 16-19.
[3]  包雪梅, 张福锁, 马文奇, 等. 陕西省有机肥料施用状况分析评价[J]. 应用生态学报, 2003, 14(10): 1669-1672.
[4]  Bao Xuemei, Zhang Fusuo, Ma Wenqi, et al. Change of farm- yard manure application in Shaanxi province[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2003, 14(10): 1669-1672.
[5]  杨兴明, 徐阳春, 黄启为, 等. 有机(类)肥料与农业可持续发展和生态环境保护[J]. 土壤学报, 2008, 45(5): 925- 932.
[6]  Yang Xingming, Xu Yangchun, Huang Qiwei, et al. Organic- like fertilizers and its relation to sustainable development of agriculture and protection of eco-environment[J]. Acta Pedologica Sinica, 2008, 45(5): 925-932.
[7]  朱兆良, 金继运. 保障我国粮食安全的肥料问题[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2013, 19(2): 259-273.
[8]  Zhu Zhaoliang, Jin Jiyun. Fertilizer use and food security in China[J]. Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science, 2013, 19(2): 259-273.
[9]  Ekenler M, Tabatabai M A. Effects of liming and tillage systems on microbial biomass and glycosidases in soils[J]. Biology and Fertility of Soils, 2003, 39: 51-61.
[10]  Matsuyama N, Saigusa M, Sakaiya E, et al. Acidification and soil productivity of allophanic andosols affected by heavy application of fertilizers[J]. Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 2005, 51(1): 117-123.
[11]  李东坡, 武志杰. 化学肥料的土壤生态环境效应[J]. 应用生态学报, 2008, 19(5): 1158-1165.
[12]  Li Dongpo, Wu Zhijie. Impact of chemical fertilizers appli- cation on soil ecological environment[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2008, 19(5): 1158-1165.
[13]  赵兰坡, 王鸿斌, 刘会青, 等. 松辽平原玉米带黑土肥力退化机理研究[J]. 土壤学报, 2006, 43(1): 79-84.
[14]  Zhao Lanpo, Wang Hongbin, Liu Huiqing, et al. Mechanism of fertility degradation of black soil in corn belt of Song-Liao plain[J]. Acta Pedologica Sinica, 2006, 43(1): 79-84.
[15]  何晓雁, 郝明德, 李慧成, 等. 黄土高原旱地小麦施肥对产量及水肥利用效率的影响[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2010, 169(6) : 1333-1340.
[16]  He Xiaoyan, Hao Mingde, Li Huicheng, et al. Effects of different fertilization on yield of wheat and water and fertilizer use efficiency in the Loess Plateau[J]. Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science, 2010, 169(6) : 1333-1340.
[17]  Schjonning P, Munkholm L J, Moldrup P, et al. Modelling- soil pore characteristics from measurements of air exchange: the long-term effects of fertilization and crop rotation[J]. European Journal of Soil Science, 2002, 53 (2):331-339.
[18]  林新坚, 王飞, 蔡海松, 等. 不同有机肥源对土壤微生物生物量及花生产量的影响[J]. 中国生态农业学报, 2009, 17(2): 235-238, 938.
[19]  Lin Xinjian, Wang Fei, Cai Haisong, et al. Effects of different organic fertilizers on soil microbial biomass and yield of peanut[J]. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2009, 17(2): 235-238, 938.
[20]  沈仁芳, 陈美军, 孔祥斌, 等. 耕地质量的概念和评价与管理对策[J]. 土壤学报, 2012, 49 (6): 1210-1217.
[21]  Shen Renfang, Chen Meijun, Kong Xiangbin, et al. Conception and evaluation of quality of arable land and strategies for its management[J]. Acta Pedologica Sinica, 2012, 49 (6): 1210- 1217.
[22]  李少帅, 郧文聚. 高标准基本农田建设存在的问题及对策[J]. 资源与产业, 2012, 14(3): 189-193.
[23]  Li Shaoshuai, Yun Wenju. Issues and approaches to the con- struction of high standard of basic farmland[J]. Resources and Industries, 2012, 14(3): 189-193.
[24]  郑重, 赖先齐, 邓湘娣, 等. 新疆棉区秸秆还田技术和养分需要量的初步估算[J]. 棉花学报, 2000, 12(5): 264- 266.
[25]  Zheng Zhong, Lai Xianqi, Deng Xiangdi, et al. Technique of cotton stalks returned to field and preliminary calculation of stalk nutrient quantity in Xinjiang[J]. Cotton Science, 2000, 12(5): 264-266.
[26]  孟琳, 张小莉, 蒋小芳, 等. 有机肥料氮替代部分化肥氮对稻谷产量的影响及替代率[J].中国农业科学, 2009, 42(2): 532- 542.
[27]  Meng Lin, Zhang Xiaoli, Jiang Xiaofang, et al. Effects of partial mineral nitrogen substitution by organic fertilizer nitrogen on the yields of rice grains and their proper substitution rate[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2009, 42(2): 532-542.
[28]  李海平, 汤春纯. 不同比例有机无机肥料配施对油菜经济与产量性状的影响[J]. 湖南农业科学, 2005(5): 58-59.
[29]  Li Haiping, Tang Chunchun. Effects of different proportions of organic and inorganic fertilizers on rapeseed economic and yield traits[J]. Hunan Agricultural Sciences, 2005(5): 58-59.　
[30]  刘守龙, 童成立, 吴金水, 等. 等氮条件下有机无机肥配比对水稻产量的影响探讨[J]. 土壤学报, 2007, 44(1): 106-112.
[31]  Liu Shoulong, Tong Chengli, Wu Jinshui, et al. Effect of ratio of organic manure/chemical fertilizer in fertilization on rice yield under the same N condition[J]. Acta Pedologica Sinica, 2007, 44(1): 106-112.
[32]  赖波, 董巨河, 单娜娜, 等. 新疆有机肥资源的区域差异及分布特征[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2012, 49(4): 625-630.
[33]  Lai Bo, Dong Juhe, Shan Nana, et al, Regional differences and distribution of organic fertilizer source in Xinjiang[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2012, 49(4): 625-630.
[34]  陈署晃, 张炎, 刘俊, 等. 新疆棉花施肥现状、问题与对策[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2008, 45(1): 147-150.
[35]  Chen Shuhuang, Zhang Yan, Liu Jun, et al. Present situation, problems and countermeasure of applying fertilizer to cotton in Xinjiang[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2008, 45(1): 147-150.
[36]  鲍士旦. 土壤农化分析[M]. 3版.北京: 中国农业出版社, 2000: 16-106.
[37]  Bao Shidan. Soil and agricultural chemistry analysis[M]. 3 ed. Beijing: China Agriculture Press, 2000: 16-106.
[38]  张福锁, 王激清, 张卫峰, 等. 中国主要粮食作物肥料利用率现状与提高途径[J]. 土壤学报, 2008, 45(5): 915-924.
[39]  Zhang Fusuo, Wang Jiqing, Zhang Weifeng, et al. Nutrient use efficiencies of major cereal crops in china and measures for improvement[J]. Acta Pedologica Sinica, 2008, 45(5): 915-924.
[40]  JA全农肥料农药部. 土壤诊断与施肥基准[M]. 北京:气象出版社, 2012: 40-43.
[41]  JA Nosan Gyoson Bunka Kyokal. Soil diagnosis and fertilization benchmark[M]. Beijing: China Meteorological Press, 2012: 40-43.
[42]  彭娜, 王开峰, 谢小立, 等.长期有机无机肥配施对稻田土壤基本理化性状的影响[J]. 中国土壤与肥料, 2009(2): 6-10.
[43]  Peng Na, Wang Kaifeng, Xie Xiaoli, et al. Effects of long-term integrated fertilization with organic manure with chemical fertilizers on basic physical and chemical properties in paddy soils[J]. Soil and Fertilizer Sciences, 2009(2): 6-10.
[44]  周炎, 罗安程. 有机肥处理对小麦根系生长、活力和磷吸收的影响[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 1997, 3(3): 244-248.
[45]  Zhou Yan, Luo Ancheng. Effect of organic manure on phosphorus absorption and root activities of wheat[J]. Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science, 1997, 3(3): 244-248.
[46]  胡国智, 张炎, 李青军, 等. 氮肥运筹对棉花干物质积累、氮素吸收利用和产量的影响[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2011, 17(2): 397-403.
[47]  Hu Guozhi, Zhang Yan, Li Qingjun, et al. Effect of nitrogen fertilizer management on the dry matter accumulation, N uptake and utilization and yield in cotton[J]. Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science, 2011, 17(2): 397-403.
[48]  刘占军, 谢佳贵, 张宽, 等. 有机肥磷替代化肥磷对春玉米干物质积累和磷素吸收的影响[J]. 玉米科学, 2011, 19(2): 123- 128.
[49]  Liu Zhanjun, Xie Jiagui, Zhang Kuan, et al. Biomass accumulation and phosphorus uptake of spring maize as influenced by organic manure substitution for chemical phosphate[J]. Journal of Maize Science, 2011, 19(2): 123-128.
[50]  姜慧敏, 张建峰, 杨俊诚, 等.不同施氮模式对日光温室番茄产量、品质及土壤肥力的影响[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2010, 16(1): 158-165.
[51]  Jiang Huimin, Zhang Jianfeng, Yang Juncheng, et al. Effects of different models of applying nitrogen fertilizer on yield and quality of tomato and soil fertility in greenhouse[J]. Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science, 2010, 16(1): 158-165.
[52]  陶磊, 褚贵新, 刘涛,等. 有机肥替代部分化肥对长期连作棉田产量、土壤微生物数量及酶活性的影响[J/OL]. 生态学报, DOI: 10.5846/stxb201301290184.
[53]  Tao Lei, Chu Guixin, Liu Tao, et al. Impacts of organic manure partial substitution for chemical fertilizer on cotton yield, soil microbial community and enzyme activities in monocropping system in drip irrigation condition[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, DOI: 10.5846/stxb201301290184.
[54]  Qiu Meihua, Zhang Ruifu, Xue Chao, et al. Application of bio- organic fertilizer can control Fusarium wilt of cucumber plants by regulating microbial community of rhizosphere soil[J]. Biology Fertility of Soils, 2012, 48: 807-816.
[55]  欧杨虹, 徐阳春, 沈其荣. 有机氮部分替代无机氮对水稻产量和氮素利用率的影响[J]. 江苏农业学报, 2009, 25(1): 106- 111.
[56]  Ou Yanghong, Xu Yangchun, Shen Qirong. Effect of combin- ed use of organic and inorganic nitrogen fertilizer on rice yield and nitrogen use efficiency[J]. Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2009, 25(1): 106-111.
[57]  吴萍萍, 刘金剑, 周毅, 等. 长期不同施肥制度对红壤稻田肥料利用率的影响[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2008, 14(2): 277- 283.
[58]  Wu Pingping, Liu Jinjian, ZhouYi, et al. Effects of different long term fertilizing systems on fertilizer use efficiency in red paddy soil[J]. Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science, 2008, 14(2): 277-283.

Full-Text

Contact Us

service@oalib.com

QQ:3279437679

WhatsApp +8615387084133