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棉花学报  2013 

棉花种仁含油量与主要经济性状相关分析

DOI: 1002-7807(2013)04-0365-07, PP. 365-371

Keywords: 相关分析,油分含量,主要经济性状,棉花

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Abstract:

高油分棉花品种选育成为棉花育种一个新的研究方向,明确陆地棉棉子油分含量与其他主要经济性状的关系对高油品种选育具有重要指导意义。本研究利用DPSV3.01数据处理软件分析了108份不同种质的种仁油分含量与粗蛋白含量、皮棉产量、衣分、铃重、单株结铃数、纤维长度、比强度及马克隆值和枯萎病病情指数、黄萎病病情指数等主要农艺性状的相关性。研究发现棉花种仁油分含量与棉花的皮棉产量、单株成铃、铃重和衣分主要产量构成性状不存在显著相关;棉花种仁油分与纤维整齐度指数、伸长率呈显著正相关;与纤维上半部平均长度有一定的正相关,但是没有达到统计学意义上的显著水平;与纤维比强度和纤维细度间无相关性;棉花种仁油分与枯萎病抗性有微弱的负相关,与黄萎病抗性不存在相关性。但是棉花种仁蛋白含量与油分含量存在显著负相关。本研究表明育种中提高陆地棉油分含量不会影响其皮棉产量,对抗病性的影响也很微弱,并且对纤维品质的提高有一定的促进作用。因此,在保证棉花枯萎病和黄萎病抗性、皮棉产量和纤维品质的基础上,选育高油分含量的棉花新品种是切实可行的,但选育种仁油分和蛋白质含量均高的品种难度较大。

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