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棉花学报  2014 

灌溉制度对机采棉生长、产量及品质的影响

DOI: 1002-7807（2014）01-0041-08, PP. 41-48

Keywords: 棉花,膜下滴灌,种植模式,机采棉,灌溉制度

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Abstract:

1膜2管6行是新疆机采棉的主要种植模式。为确定该模式适宜的灌溉制度，采用田间试验研究了灌溉频率（F5、F8）与灌水定额（I80、I60和I40）对棉花生长、产量、品质及水分利用效率的影响。结果表明，高频高定额（F5I80）与高频中定额（F5I60）灌溉可有效降低棉花株高，增加叶面积指数，提高蕾铃生物量在地上部中的比例。灌溉频率相同时，灌水量过高与过低均不利于棉花增产；灌水定额相同时，高频（F5）较低频（F8）灌溉增产0.59%~1.56%。灌溉制度对棉花纤维品质无显著影响。灌水定额显著影响棉花耗水量及水分利用效率，而灌溉频率对二者影响不显著。研究认为高频（F5）和中灌溉定额（I60）是南疆地区机采棉种植模式适宜的灌溉制度，即在全生育期内灌水12次，灌溉定额300mm左右。

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