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棉花学报  2010 

棉仁高油分材料筛选及其脂肪酸发育分析

DOI: 1002-7807(2010)04-0291-06, PP. 291-296

Keywords: 棉花,棉仁油分,成分,发育

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Abstract:

对2个主要栽培棉种共61个棉花材料的棉仁油分含量测定表明,棉花种间的棉仁油分含量差异较大。陆地棉和海岛棉材料的平均棉仁油分含量分别为30.42%和37.25%。陆地棉材料中棉仁油分含量变幅较大,从25.27%到35.42%;海岛棉材料的棉仁油分含量相对一致。分别以海岛棉‘Pima90-53'和陆地棉‘徐州142'、‘T586'为材料,考察了棉子发育过程中,油分含量及成分的发育变化进程。研究发现,棉仁油分含量在开花后20d时已达到棉仁干重的25%左右,棉子完全成熟时油分相对含量达到最高。气相色谱分析表明,棉仁脂肪酸主要包括棕榈酸、硬脂酸、油酸、亚油酸等,其中亚油酸的含量可达50%以上。随着棉子的发育,棉仁亚油酸含量逐渐减少,而棕榈酸、硬脂酸和油酸含量逐渐增加。棉花种间和种内材料的棉仁油分含量差异较大,说明对棉花材料的棉仁油分含量进行遗传改良具有较大的潜力。关键词棉花;棉仁油分;成分;发育中图分类号S562文献标识码A文章编号1002-7807(2010)04-0291-06

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