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棉花学报  2015 

水培磷胁迫下不同基因型棉花苗期根系形态及叶片光合特性的差异

DOI: 10.11963/issn.1002-7807.201503005, PP. 223-231

Keywords: 磷胁迫,基因型,棉花,根系形态,光合特性

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Abstract:

水培条件下,以彩棉品种中棉所51号(浅棕)、中棉所81号(深棕)、中棉所82号(深绿)和普通白棉品种国欣棉3号为材料,研究3个不同的磷素(KH2P2O5)水平缺磷(0mmol·L-1)、低磷(0.5mmol·L-1)和适磷(1mmol·L-1)对棉花苗期根系形态、根冠比、叶片光合特性的影响。结果表明低磷极显著提高了棉花总根长和根表面积;缺磷严重抑制了棉花根系的生长,但是随着处理时间的延长,棉花根系生长得以自我调节,减轻了胁迫的影响。低磷处理后10d,总根长、根表面积、根体积、根冠比均以白棉提高的最多;处理后20d则以浅棕棉提高的最多。缺磷胁迫下,白棉和深棕棉在处理后20d根系生长受到的抑制程度相比于处理后10d加重,而其他品种则随着胁迫时间的延长,抑制程度减轻。不同品种的光饱和点和最大光合速率差异的表现均是浅棕棉>白棉>深棕棉>深绿棉。随着磷素供应水平的降低,白棉的光饱和点和最大光合速率也逐渐降低,而两个棕色棉的光饱和点则表现为低磷>缺磷>适磷。表明白棉能耐短期的磷素胁迫,浅棕棉和深绿棉能耐较长期的磷素胁迫,深棕棉对磷素胁迫较钝感。

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