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棉花学报  2015 

连作对棉田土壤枯、黄萎病菌数量及细菌群落的影响

DOI: 1002-7807（2015）01-0062-09, PP. 62-70

Keywords: 棉花,连作,变性凝胶电泳（DGGE）,棉花枯萎病菌,棉花黄萎病菌

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Abstract:

采用选择培养法测定新疆库尔勒不同连作年限棉田土壤枯、黄萎病病菌数量的变化，运用PCR-DGGE（Polymerasechainreaction-denaturedgradientgelelectrophoresis）技术分析棉花连作对土壤细菌群落结构和多样性的影响。结果表明，不同连作年限棉田的枯萎病菌和黄萎病菌量具有相似的变化特征，即在5～20年连作年限内，土壤中病原菌量随着连作年限的延长而增加，20年连作土壤病原菌数量达到最高峰；连作超过20年，土壤菌源数量开始下降。不同连作年限棉田土壤中枯、黄萎病病原菌的数量与发病株率呈显著正相关关系。连作棉田土壤细菌群落的DGGE图谱分析显示，连作棉田土壤细菌种群的组成、结构、丰富度均发生变化。连作5～40年的棉田土壤细菌种群Shannon-Wiener多样性指数(H')、均匀度（EH′）和丰富度（S）指数均降低，且连作年限越长降低越突出。

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