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棉花学报  2015 

棉花根部拮抗枯萎病菌或黄萎病菌的可培养内生细菌多样性分析

DOI: 10.11963/issn.1002-7807.201502010, PP. 166-175

Keywords: 棉花,内生拮抗细菌,多样性,枯萎病菌,黄萎病菌

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Abstract:

为解析棉花内生细菌的种群结构,更好地开发利用生防内生细菌,以棉花枯萎病菌、黄萎病菌为指示病原真菌,对常抗棉和泗棉3号根部分离获得的内生细菌进行拮抗活性筛选,获得87株至少对其中1个指示病原真菌具有拮抗作用的内生细菌。ARDRA分析(AmplifiedribosomalDNArestrictionanalysis)和16SrDNA序列测定表明棉花根部可培养内生拮抗细菌可分为13个ARDRA类群,分属于芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus)、短芽孢杆菌属(Brevibacillus)、伯克霍尔德氏菌属(Burkholderia)、农杆菌属(Agrobacterium)、中华根瘤菌属(Sinorhizobium)、不动杆菌属(Acinetobacter)和假单孢菌属(Pseudomonas)7个属。其中常抗棉根部内生拮抗细菌分属于芽孢杆菌属、短芽孢杆菌属、伯克霍尔德氏菌属和农杆菌属,而泗棉3号根部内生拮抗细菌则分属于芽孢杆菌属、伯克霍尔德氏菌属、中华根瘤菌属、不动杆菌属和假单孢菌属,二者的优势种群都是芽孢杆菌属细菌。BOX-PCR分析显示这些内生拮抗细菌具有丰富的遗传多样性。通过测定这些内生拮抗细菌对棉花黄萎病菌和棉花枯萎病菌的拮抗力大小,以及是否具有产纤维素酶、几丁质酶、蛋白酶和嗜铁素的活性,表明这些内生拮抗细菌具有不同的生防作用机制。

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