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科学通报  2011 

利用3D激光扫描技术分析周口店直立人脑的不对称性

, PP. 1282-1287

Keywords: 周口店直立人,脑不对称性,脑量,表面积,脑演化

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Abstract:

探讨早期人类脑不对称性的主要研究材料是古人类颅内模,即从颅骨内表面得到的脑的外部形态.由于受研究材料和方法的限制,对脑不对称性的研究一般只局限在左右半球向前、向后突出的程度,或者对脑的前部、后部宽度的对比上.本文利用3D激光扫描技术,对距今40~80万年前的周口店直立人脑的不对称性进行了研究,通过与现代人颅内模对比,显示周口店直立人和现代人在左右半球的绝对脑量和表面积上都没有表现出明显的不对称性,然而在脑量和表面积构成的相对脑量上表现出明显差异周口店直立人左右半球的相对脑量没有显著差异,个体间差异较大;现代人左半球的相对脑量明显大于右半球,个体间变异范围较小.提示在人类进化过程中脑的不对称性不是发生在左右半球的绝对脑量上,而是起源于相对脑量的变化,这种解剖结构的变化可能与脑一侧优势的演化过程相关.

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