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科学通报  2011 

基于BOS的气动光学波前测量技术研究及其应用

, PP. 1515-1521

Keywords: BOS,气动光学,波前

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Abstract:

平行光束在变折射率流场中传输时,会偏离其原来的传播方向,同时产生波前畸变.根据Malus定律,若能测得平行光束透过流场后的偏折角,就可得到波前畸变的空间梯度,进而采用波前重构算法计算波前畸变的空间分布.背景导向纹影技术(backgroundorientedschlieren,BOS)的两个特性为测量波前畸变提供了有利条件BOS技术通过测量参考背景图像和实验背景图像之间的相对位移,可对光束通过流场后的偏折角进行定量测量;在纹影模式的BOS系统中,只有垂直于背景图像的平行光线才能入射到相机,便于研究平面光波透过流场后的波前畸变.有鉴于此,本文基于纹影模式的BOS系统,构建了波前畸变的空间梯度和背景图像位移的定量关系,并选用Southwell波前重构算法,开发了一种测量气动光学波前畸变的新方法——基于BOS的波前测量技术(BOS-basedwavefronttechnique,BOS-WT).本文构建的一套BOS-WT系统,其时间分辨率高达6ns,时间相关分辨率最高可达0.2μs,能够对波前的瞬态分布进行时间相关的定量测量,而且设备简单、易于操作.采用该系统,研究了超声速混合层的气动光学性能,测得了时间间隔5μs的瞬态波前分布;测量结果不仅再现了平面光波通过超声速混合层后波前的瞬态分布,而且对比两个时刻的测量结果,可观察波前随时间的演化规律.

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