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科学通报  2011 

西风急流的季节转换特征:希夏邦马峰达索普冰川6900m处实地观测

, PP. 1642-1650

Keywords: 希夏邦马峰,达索普冰川,气象观测,西风急流,ERA-Interim

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Abstract:

为了解极高海拔地区的气候特征和气候变化,2005年8月4日,在喜马拉雅山中段希夏邦马峰达索普冰川(28°23.04′N,85°43.72′E,海拔6900m)架设了一台自动气象站(AWS),对极高海拔地区的气候进行了连续自动观测.探讨了此AWS记录的一整年的观测结果,分析了风向、风速、气温、气压和湿度等指标.分析结果发现该区自2005年10月10日至2006年4月21日期间受到西风急流的强烈影响,而5~9月受到印度季风的影响.西风急流的季节转换以各气象要素发生突变为特征.受西风急流的影响,研究区冬季风速极高,风速波动剧烈,多大风日.气温和气压波动剧烈,气温的日较差减小而气压的日较差增大.相对湿度和比湿剧减,空气干燥.夏季受印度季风的影响,相对湿度和比湿处于高值状态.此外,还分析了AWS所在位置的再分析资料,结果证实AWS所在位置在2005年10月10日至2006年4月21日期间受到西风急流的强烈影响,西风急流的季节转换是以各气象要素发生突变为特征的观测事实.

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