4 Wara M W, Ravelo A C, Delaney M L. Permanent El Niňo-Like conditions during the Pliocene Warm Period. Science, 2005, 309: 758-761??
[2]
5 Lawrence K T, Liu Z, Herbert T D. Evolution of the Eastern Tropical Pacific through Plio-Pleistocene glaciation. Science, 2006, 312:79-83??
[3]
9 Wang P X, Tian J, Lourens L J. Obscuring of long eccentricity cyclicity in Pleistocene oceanic carbon isotope records. Earth Planet SciLett, 2010, 290: 319-330??
[4]
10 McPhaden M J, Busalacchi A J, Cheney R, et al. The tropical ocean-global atmosphere observing system: A decade of progress. J GeophysRes, 1998, 103: 14169-14240
[5]
12 Xu J, Holbourn A, Kuhnt W, et al. Changes in the thermocline structure of the Indonesian Outflow during Terminations I and II. EarthPlanet Sci Lett, 2008, 273: 152-162??
14 Ravelo A C, Shackleton N J. Evidence for surface-water circulation changes at Site 851 in the eastern tropical Pacific ocean. Proc OceanDrill Prog, Sci Result, 1995, 138: 503-514
[8]
16 Lisiecki L E, Raymo M E. A Pliocene-Pleistocene stack of 57 globally distributed benthic δ18O records. Paleoceanography, 2005, 20:PA1003, doi:10.1029/2004PA001071
[9]
17 Bé A W H. An Ecological, Zoogeographic and Taxonomic Review of Recent Planktonic Foraminifera. London: Academic Press, 1977. 1-100
[10]
18 Cléroux C, Cortijo E, Duplessy J C, et al. Deep-dwelling foraminifera as thermocline temperature recorders. Geochem Geophys Geosys,2007, 8, doi: 10.1029/2006GC001474
[11]
21 Berger W H, Bickert T, Jansen E, et al. The central mystery of the Quaternary Ice Age. Oceanus, 1993, 36: 53-56
[12]
23 Jian Z M, Wang P X, Saito Y, et al. Holocene variability of the Kuroshio Current in the Okinawa Trough, northwestern Pacific Ocean.Earth Planet Sci Lett, 2000, 184: 305-319??
[13]
24 Tian J, Wang P X, Chen R, et al. Quaternary upper ocean thermal gradient variations in the South China Sea: Implications for east Asianmonsoon climate. Paleoceanography, 2005, 20: PA4007, doi: 10.1029/2004 PA001115
[14]
27 Pedlosky J. A History of Thermocline Theory. New York: Springer, 2006. 139-152
[15]
28 Sarmiento J L, Gruber N, Brzezinski M A, et al. High-latitude controls of thermocline nutrients and low latitude biological productivity.Nature, 2003, 427: 56-60
[16]
29 Anderson R F, Chase Z, Fleischer M Q, et al. The Southern Ocean’s biological pump during the Last Glacial Maximum. Deep Sea Research,Part II, 2002, 49: 1909-1938??
[17]
32 P?like H, Norris R D, Herrle J O, et al. The heartbeat of the Oligocene climate system. Science, 2006, 314: 1894-1898??
[18]
1 Yan X H, Hou C, Zheng Q. Temperature and size variabilities of the Western Pacific Warm Pool. Science, 1992, 58: 1643-1645
[19]
2 Cane M. A role for the tropical Pacific. Science, 1998, 282: 59-61??
[20]
3 Webster P, Magana V, Palmer T, et al. Monsoon: Process, predictability and the prospects for prediction. J Geophys Res, 1998, 103:14451-14510??
[21]
6 Ravelo A C, Andreasen D H, Lyle M, et al. Regional climate shifts caused by gradual global cooling in the Pliocene epoch. Nature, 2004,429: 263-267??
[22]
7 Hodell D A, Venz-Curtis K A. Late Neogene history of deepwater ventilation in the Southern Ocean. Geochem Geophys Geosys, 2006, 7:Q09001, doi: 10.1029/2005GC001211??
[23]
8 Fedorov A V, Dekens P S, McCarthy M, et al. The Pliocene paradox (mechanisms for a permanent El Nino). Science, 2006, 312:1485-1489??
[24]
11 Li C, Mu M. El Niňo occurrence and subsurface ocean temperature anomalies in the Pacific warm pool. Chin J Atmos Sci, 1999, 23:513-521
[25]
15 Prentice M L, Friez J K, Simonds G G, et al. Neogene trends in planktonic foraminifer δ18O from site 807: Implications for global icevolume and western equatorial Pacific sea surface temperatures. Proc Ocean Drill Prog, Sci Result, 1993, 130: 281-283, 295-298
[26]
19 Moore T C Jr, Pisias N G, Keigwin L D Jr. Cenozoic Variability of Oxygen Isotopes in Benthic Foraminifera. Washington D C: NtionalAcademy Press, 1982. 172-182
[27]
20 Locarnini R A, Mishonov A V, Antonov J I, et al. World Ocean Atlas 2005, Temperature. In: Levitus S, ed. NOAA Atlas NESDIS 61.Washington D C: U S Government Printing Office, 2006. 1-182
[28]
22 Rutherford S, Hondt S D. Early onset and tropical forcing of 100000-year Pleistocene glacial cycles. Nature, 2000, 408: 72-75??
[29]
25 Medina-Elizalde M, Lea D W, Fantle M S. Implications of seawater Mg/Ca variability for Plio-Pleistocene tropical climate recostruction.Earth Planet Sci Lett, 2008, 269: 585-595??
[30]
26 Gu D, Philander S G H. Interdecadal climate fluctuations that depend on exchanges between the tropics and the extratropics. Science,1997, 275: 805-807??
[31]
30 Crosta X, Beucher C, Pahnke K, et al. Silicic acid leakage from the Southern Ocean: Opposing effects of nutrient uptake and oceanic circulation.Geophys Res Lett, 2007, 34: L13601, doi: 10.1029/2006GL029083??
[32]
31 Wang P X, Tian J, Cheng X R, et al. Major Pleistocene stages in a carbon perspective: The South China Sea record and its global comparison.Paleoceanography, 2004, 19, doi: 10.1029/2003PA000991