全部 标题 作者
关键词 摘要

OALib Journal期刊
ISSN: 2333-9721
费用:99美元

查看量下载量

相关文章

更多...
科学通报  2011 

深圳市冬季黑碳气溶胶的粒径分布和混合态特征

DOI: 10.1360/972010-2014, PP. 1703-1710

Keywords: 黑碳(BC),单颗粒黑碳光度计(SP2),粒径分布,混合态

Full-Text   Cite this paper   Add to My Lib

Abstract:

黑碳(BC)气溶胶的气候效应和环境效应是当今科学界的研究热点.BC气溶胶的粒径分布及混合态对其光吸收和其他理化性质有很大影响,但是受仪器分析技术的限制,目前国内外均鲜有对单个BC粒子大小及混合态连续观测的研究.本研究利用新型的单颗粒黑碳光度计(SP2),对2009年1~2月深圳市BC气溶胶的质量浓度、粒径分布及单颗粒混合态进行连续在线观测.结果表明观测期间BC浓度均值为6.24μg/m3;其质量粒径分布呈单峰型,峰值位于211nm;内混态BC(127~264nm粒径段内)质量比例为32.4%.内混态BC比例随粒径变化趋势与表面积浓度的粒径分布趋势相似,说明内混态BC形成与大气中的气-固转化过程密切相关.外混态BC浓度与NOx高度相关,并随大气边界层高度变化而呈现白天低、夜间高,这些特征都说明外混态BC与本地机动车等燃烧源的新鲜排放密切相关;内混态BC浓度的日变化相对平缓,指示出其来自区域传输的特征.反向轨迹分析也表明,内混态BC比例与气团老化程度有显著的对应关系.本研究有助于深入认识我国大气BC气溶胶污染的本质及来源特征,并为准确评估BC气溶胶在辐射强迫和气候变化中的作用提供关键的支撑数据.

References

[1]  1 Novakov T, Ramanathan V, Hansen J E, et al. Large historical changes of fossil-fuel black carbon aerosols. Geophys Res Lett, 2003, 30:1324??
[2]  2 Bond T C, Streets D G, Yarber K F, et al. A technology-based global inventory of black and organic carbon emissions from combustion. JGeophys Res-Atmos, 2004, 109 : D14203??
[3]  3 Levy H, Schwarzkopf M D, Horowitz L, et al. Strong sensitivity of late 21st century climate to projected changes in short-lived airpollutants. J Geophys Res-Atmos, 2008, 113: D06102
[4]  4 Chung S H, Seinfeld J H. Climate response of direct radiative forcing of anthropogenic black carbon. J Geophys Res-Atmos, 2005, 110:D11102
[5]  5 Jacobson M Z. A physically-based treatment of elemental carbon optics: Implications for global direct forcing of aerosols. Geophys ResLett, 2000, 27: 217-220
[6]  6 Lohmann U, Feichter J, Penner J, et al. Indirect effect of sulfate and carbonaceous aerosols: A mechanistic treatment. J Geophys Res-Atmos, 2000, 105: 12193-12206??
[7]  9 Jacobson M Z. Strong radiative heating due to the mixing state of black carbon in atmospheric aerosols. Nature, 2001, 409: 695—697??
[8]  10 Saathoff H, Naumann K H, Schnaiter M, et al. Coating of soot and (NH4)2SO4 particles by ozonolysis products of alpha-pinene. J AerosolSci, 2003, 34: 1297-1321
[9]  11 Haywood J M, Shine K P. The Effect of anthropogenic sulfate and soot aerosol on the clear-sky planetary radiation budget. Geophys ResLett, 1995, 22: 603-606
[10]  12 Bond T C, Habib G, Bergstrom R W. Limitations in the enhancement of visible light absorption due to mixing state. J Geophys Res-Atmos,2006, 111: D20211??
[11]  13 IPCC. Climate Change 2001: Chapter 5. Aerosols, their Direct and Indirect Effects. 2001. 298-299
[12]  20 Hagler G S, Bergin M H, Salmon L G, et al. Source areas and chemical composition of fine particulate matter in the Pearl River Deltaregion of China. Atmos Environ, 2006, 40: 3802-3815??
[13]  21 Cao J J, Lee S C, Ho K F, et al. Spatial and seasonal variations of atmospheric organic carbon and elemental carbon in Pearl River DeltaRegion, China. Atmos Environ, 2004, 38: 4447-4456??
[14]  27 Zheng J Y, Zhang L J, Che W W, et al. A highly resolved temporal and spatial air pollutant emission inventory for the Pearl River Deltaregion, China and its uncertainty assessment. Atmos Environ, 2009, 43: 5112-5122??
[15]  33 Draxler R, Stunder B, Rolph G, et al. HYSPLIT4 User's Guide Version 4.9, 2009. http://ready.arl.noaa.gov/HYSPLIT.php
[16]  7 Twohy C H, Petters M D, Snider J R, et al. Evaluation of the aerosol indirect effect in marine stratocumulus clouds: Droplet number, size,liquid water path, and radiative impact. J Geophys Res-Atmos, 2005, 110: D08203
[17]  8 Chuang P Y, Duvall R M, Bae M S, et al. Observations of elemental carbon and absorption during ACE-Asia and implications for aerosolradiative properties and climate forcing. J Geophys Res-Atmos, 2003, 108: 8634??
[18]  14 吴兑, 毛节泰, 邓雪娇, 等. 珠江三角洲黑碳气溶胶及其辐射特性的观测研究. 中国科学D 辑: 地球科学, 2009,11: 1542-1553
[19]  15 陶俊, 朱李华, 韩静磊, 等. 广州城区冬季黑碳气溶胶污染特征及其来源初探. 中国环境监测, 2009, 2: 53-56
[20]  16 陶俊, 朱李华, 韩静磊, 等. 2007 年春季广州城区黑碳气溶胶污染特征的初步研究. 气候与环境研究, 2008, 5: 658-662
[21]  17 杨溯, 张武, 韩晶晶, 等. 上海市浦东新区秋冬季黑碳气溶胶特性. 兰州大学学报(自然科学版), 2008, 4: 66-70
[22]  18 曹军骥, 李顺诚, 李杨, 等. 2003 年秋冬季西安大气中有机碳和元素碳的理化特征及其来源解析. 自然科学进展, 2005, 12:1460-1466
[23]  19 娄淑娟, 毛节泰, 王美华. 北京地区不同尺度气溶胶中黑碳含量的观测研究. 环境科学学报, 2005, 1: 17-22
[24]  22 Slowik J G, Cross E S, Han J H, et al. An inter-comparison of instruments measuring black carbon content of soot particles. Aerosol SciTech, 2007, 41: 295-314??
[25]  23 Gao R S, Hall S R, Swartz W H, et al.Calculations of solar shortwave heating rates due to black carbon and ozone absorption using in situmeasurements. J Geophys Res-Atmos, 2008, 113: D14203??
[26]  24 Schwarz J P, Gao R S, Fahey D W, et al. Single-particle measurements of midlatitude black carbon and light-scattering aerosols from theboundary layer to the lower stratosphere. J Geophys Res-Atmos, 2006, 111: D16207??
[27]  25 Moteki N, Kondo Y, Miyazaki Y, et al. Evolution of mixing state of black carbon particles: Aircraft measurements over the westernPacific in March 2004. Geophys Res Lett, 2007, 34: L11803??
[28]  26 Schwarz J P, Gao R S, Spackman J R, et al. Measurement of the mixing state, mass, and optical size of individual black carbon particles inurban and biomass burning emissions. Geophys Res Lett, 2008, 35 : L13810??
[29]  28 Schwarz J P, Spackman J R, Fahey D W, et al. Coatings and their enhancement of black carbon light absorption in the tropical atmosphere.J Geophys Res-Atmos, 2008, 113: D03203
[30]  29 Shiraiwa M, Kondo Y, Moteki N, et al. Evolution of mixing state of black carbon in polluted air from Tokyo. Geophys Res Lett, 2007, 34:L16803??
[31]  30 Shiraiwa M, Kondo Y, Moteki N, et al. Radiative impact of mixing state of black carbon aerosol in Asian outflow. J Geophys Res-Atmos,2008, 113: D24210??
[32]  31 Johnson K S, Zuberi B, Molina L T, et al. Processing of soot in an urban environment: Case study from the Mexico city metropolitan area.Atmos Chem Phys, 2005, 5: 3033-3043??
[33]  32 Draxler R, Rolph G. HYSPLIT (HYbrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory) Model access via NOAA ARL READYWebsite (http://www.arl.noaa.gov/ready/hysplit4.html), NOAA Air Resources Laboratory, Silver Spring, MD, USA, 2003

Full-Text

Contact Us

service@oalib.com

QQ:3279437679

WhatsApp +8615387084133