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RegCM3对中国21世纪极端气候事件变化的高分辨率模拟

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Keywords: 气候变化,区域气候模式,极端气候事件,中国

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Abstract:

基于RegCM3区域气候模式对21世纪气候变化的连续模拟,在对当代模拟能力检验的基础上,对中国区域未来极端气候事件的变化进行了分析.模拟中RegCM3所使用的水平分辨率为25km,初始和侧边界场由MIROC3.2_hires全球模式结果提供,积分时间为1951~2100年.所使用的极端气候事件指数包括SU(夏季日数)、FD(霜冻日数)、GSL(生长季长度)3个温度指数和SDII(日降水强度)、R10(日降水量≥10mm日数)、CDD(连续干旱日数)3个降水指数.结果表明,模式在可较好地再现中国地区当代地面气温和降水空间分布及数值的同时,对各项极端气候事件指数也有较好的模拟能力.未来随着中国区域的明显升温和降水变化,暖事件指数SU和GSL都将增加,冷事件指数FD则将普遍减弱;以SDII和R10反映的强降水事件指数也基本呈增加趋势,其中R10指数在东北大部和青藏高原中部减弱,其他除长江中下游部分地区外普遍加强,而CDD则在北方明显缩短,在青藏高原和四川盆地到中国南部增加.从区域平均各指数的21世纪变化看,除CDD变化不大外,其余指数变化均表现出随时间增大的趋势.

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