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我国东北冬季降雪的年代际增多及其与冬季风减弱的关系

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Keywords: 冬季降雪,东亚冬季风,年代际变化

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Abstract:

针对我国东北冬季降水(降雪)近几十年来的变化进行了研究,结果显示20世纪80年代中期之后冬季降雪开始增多,就区域平均而言1986~2010年期间比1951~1985年显著增多了20%以上.进一步的研究揭示这种年代际降雪增多和20世纪80年代中期之后东亚冬季风的减弱有密切关系,其基本物理图像是东亚冬季风年代际减弱导致冷空气减弱,从而使得东北亚的太平洋沿岸区海温升高,进而海面的蒸发加强使得其上空水汽含量增多,由此导致向我国东北地区的水汽输送增多;另外一方面,20世纪80年代中期之后由于冬季风减弱,导致大气变暖,来自冬季风上游的水汽输送也增多了.这两个因素使得东北冬季上空水汽含量显著增多了,从而导致冬季降雪增多.

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