全部 标题 作者
关键词 摘要

OALib Journal期刊
ISSN: 2333-9721
费用:99美元

查看量下载量

相关文章

更多...
科学通报  2014 

古代大马士革钢刀锻打花纹形成机制的理论分析

DOI: 10.1360/972013-1172, PP. 833-842

Keywords: 大马士革刀,大马士革花纹,乌兹钢,渗碳体,凝固枝晶偏析

Full-Text   Cite this paper   Add to My Lib

Abstract:

古代大马士革刀锻打花纹的形成机制是历史上持续数个世纪的热门研究课题.本文简要回顾了乌兹钢、大马士革刀和大马士革花纹的历史背景,着重介绍并分析了当代冶金研究者关于大马士革花纹形成机制的主要观点和争论,并通过现代冶金学热力学和动力学理论模型分析了这些主要观点,包括定量计算钢中S,P,V等元素对Fe-C平衡相图的影响、慢速凝固时S,P等元素的偏析程度、以及V(CN)粒子在奥氏体相区的析出温度以及V在高温退火时扩散动力学等.据此,作者提出了关于古代大马士革刀中花纹形成的新机制,即由于乌兹钢锭中凝固时S,P的枝晶偏析,导致凝固后偏析区形成硫化物或磷化物,尤其是磷的枝晶偏析导致冷却时形成磷化物与渗碳体的共晶体,在后续的加热过程中不能完全固溶,并作为热锻时析出的渗碳体析出核心,从而决定了渗碳体在大马士革刀中的空间分布和最终的大马士革花纹的形成.

References

[1]  1 Sherby O D, Wadsworth J. Damascus steels. Sci Amer, 1985, 252: 112-118
[2]  2 Wadsworth J, Sherby O D. On the Bulat Damascus steels revisited. Prog Mater Sci, 1980, 25: 35-68
[3]  5 Verhoeven J D, Pendray A. The mystery of the Damascus sword. Muse, 1998, 2: 35-43
[4]  6 Smith C Y. A History of Metallography: The Development of Ideas on the Structure of Metals Before 1890. Chiacago: The University of Chicago Press, 1960
[5]  7 潜伟. “镔铁”新考. 自然科学史研究, 2007, 26: 165-191
[6]  8 Pearson G. Experiments and observations to investigate the nature of a kind of steel manufactured at Bombay and there called Wootz. Philos Trans Royal Soc London, 1795, 85: 322-346
[7]  9 Bronson B. The making and selling of wootz, a crucible steel in India. Archaeomater, 1986, 11: 13-51
[8]  11 Verhoeven J D, Jones J J. Damascus steel: Part II. Origin of the damask pattern. Metallography, 1987, 20: 153-180
[9]  13 Zschokke B. Du Damasse et des Lames de Damas. Rev Met, 1924, 21: 635-669
[10]  14 Panseri C. Damascus steel in legend and reality. Gladiuss, 1965, 4: 5-66
[11]  15 Piaskowski J. Metallurgical examination of two damascene steel blades. J His Arabic Sci, 1978, 2: 3-30
[12]  22 Mott R A. The Sheffield crucible-steel industry and its founder Benjamin Huntsman. J Iron Steel Inst, 1965, 203: 227-237
[13]  23 Rao K N, Mukherjee J K, Lahiri A K. Some observations on the structure of ancient steel from south India and its mode of production. Bull Hist Group, 1970, 4: 12-17
[14]  24 Wadsworth J, Sherby O D. Response to Verhoeven comments on Damascus steel. Mater Charact, 2001, 47: 163-165
[15]  27 Verhoeven J D, Baker H H, Peterson D T, et al. Damascus Steel, Part III—The Wadsworth-Sherby mechanism. Mater Charact, 1990, 24: 205-227
[16]  28 Verhoeven J D, Pendary A H, Gibson E D. Wootz Damascus steel blades. Mater Charact, 1996, 37: 9-22
[17]  30 Verhoeven J D, Pendary A H, Berge P M. Studies of Damascus steel blades: Part II—Destruction and reformation of the patterns. Mater Charact, 1993, 30: 187-200
[18]  31 Reibold M, Paufler P, Levin A A, et al. Carbon nanotubes in an ancient Damascus sabre. Nature, 2006, 444: 286
[19]  3 Sherby O D, Wadsworth J. Ancient blacksmiths, the iron age, Damascus steels, and modern metallurgy. J Mater Process Tech, 2001, 117: 347-352
[20]  4 Anosoff P. On the Bulat. 2nd ed. Paris: Saint Pétersbourg, 1844. 192-236
[21]  10 Wilkinson H. On the cause of the external pattern or watering of the Damascus sword blades. J Royal Asiatic Soc, 1837, 4: 187-193
[22]  12 Belaiew N. Damascene steel. J Iron Steel Inst, 1918, 97: 417-439
[23]  16 Voight A F, Abu-Samra A. Analysis of a Damascus steel by neutron activation. In: Richard E W, Meinke W W, eds. Proceeding Conference Modern Trends in Activation Analysis. Texas: Texas A and M University College Station, 1965. 22-25
[24]  17 Von Schwarz C R. The Indian iron and steel industry. Stahl Eisen, 1901, 21: 209-211
[25]  18 Von Schwarz C R. The Indian iron and steel industry. Stahl Eisen, 1901, 21: 277-283
[26]  19 Von Schwarz C R. The Indian iron and steel industry. Stahl Eisen, 1901, 21: 337-341
[27]  20 Von Schwarz C R. The Indian iron and steel industry. Stahl Eisen, 1901, 21: 391-399
[28]  21 Mott R A. The hardness, abradability and reactivity of coke. Fuel, 1930, 9: 400-411
[29]  25 Verhoeven J D, Pendary A H. Origin of the Damask pattern in Damascus steel blades. Mater Charact, 2001, 47: 423-424
[30]  26 Verhoeven J D, Pendary A H. On the origin of the Damask pattern of Damascus steels. Mater Charact, 2001, 47: 79
[31]  29 Verhoeven J D, Pendary A H. Studies of Damascus steel blades: Part I—Experiments on reconstructed blades. Mater Charact, 1993, 30: 175-186
[32]  32 Wadsworth J, Sherby O D. Damascus steel making. Science, 1983, 218: 328-330
[33]  33 Smith C S. Damascus steel. Science, 1982, 216: 242
[34]  34 Thomas H, Maugh II. A metallurgical tale of irony. Science, 1982, 215: 153

Full-Text

Contact Us

service@oalib.com

QQ:3279437679

WhatsApp +8615387084133