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科学通报  2014 

太原市初中学校室内外环境与儿童不良建筑综合征的相关性

DOI: 10.1360/972013-1088, PP. 1127-1132

Keywords: 不良建筑综合征,SO2,NO2,室内污染,学校环境

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Abstract:

为了解初中学校儿童不良建筑综合征(sickbuildingsyndrome,SBS)、哮喘等疾病的发病率以及室内外环境污染水平和疾病的相关性,在山西省太原市城区初中学校开展了一项横断面研究.本研究采取整群抽样的方法,随机选取10所学校,问卷调查共发放2209份,其中有效问卷1993份(应答率为90.2%).参与调查的学生平均年龄为13岁(年龄范围11~15岁),其中女孩占49.3%.问卷内容包括SBS症状、哮喘及其他相关疾病的患病情况,SO2,NO2和O3环境影响因素的测量通过被动吸附采样,以及多因素Logistic回归分析疾病与环境因素的相关性.结果显示,儿童鼻黏膜炎(17.6%)、鼻塞(16.4%)、喉咙干燥(14.9%)、疲乏(20.7%)等症状患病率较高.室内NO2与鼻黏膜炎、喉咙干燥、头疼、恶心、湿疹症状呈现正相关(比对比(OR)和95%置信区间(CI)分别为1.16,1.01~1.33;1.16,1.00~1.34;1.24,1.02~1.52;1.30,1.04~1.63;1.86,1.19~2.90).室内O3仅与医生诊断哮喘呈现正相关(1.36,1.02~1.80).室内SO2几乎与所有儿童SBS的症状呈现显著性相关.此外,室内与室外浓度的比值也与部分SBS症状正相关.本研究表明儿童不良建筑综合征与教室室内外环境相关.

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