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科学通报  2014 

水平基因转移在生物进化中的作用

DOI: 10.1360/972013-1251, PP. 2055-2064

Keywords: 水平基因转移,生物进化,生命之树,生命之网,动物,植物,真菌

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Abstract:

水平基因转移现象的发现揭示出生物进化的另一条途径,并引发研究人员对生物进化描述方式进行更多的思考和讨论.目前普遍认为,水平基因转移在原核生物和单细胞真核生物中发生较为频繁,并且是二者进化的重要动力,但在多细胞真核生物中,其发生范围及进化意义尚存争议.本文列举原核生物、单细胞真核生物以及多细胞真核生物3个重要类群(动物、植物、真菌)中已被报道的部分研究实例,分析水平基因转移在这些类群进化过程中的作用及其产生的影响.此外,还简要地介绍了目前水平基因转移常用的检测手段、可能的发生机制以及其发生的倾向性,并对未来多细胞真核生物水平基因转移事例的发现作出预测.

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