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科学通报  2015 

水稻生育后期卷叶突变体lrl1的鉴定及基因定位和候选基因预测

DOI: 10.1360/N972015-00712, PP. 3133-3143

Keywords: 水稻,卷叶,基因定位,real-time,PCR

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Abstract:

叶片是水稻主要的光合器官,适度卷曲有利于保持植株叶片直立而不披垂,增加中、下层叶片透光率,从而改善群体光照条件,是理想株型的重要组成,对水稻高产育种具有重要意义.利用甲基黄酸乙酯(EMS)诱变籼稻恢复系缙恢10号获得了一个遗传稳定的水稻生育后期卷叶突变体lrl1.lrl1的叶片在前期生长正常,从13叶龄开始,上三叶沿中脉向内卷曲,且随着生育期推进,卷曲度增加,在成熟期剑叶、倒二叶和倒三叶的卷曲度分别为73.66%,66.91%和45.81%.与野生型缙恢10号相比,除lrl1的千粒重(21.43g)显著降低外,其他重要农艺性状均没有显著差异.lrl1的叶片小维管束间的泡状细胞数量减少、形状怪异、排列极不规则,导致小维管束之间的夹角变小,从而引起了其叶片的卷曲.lrl1的上三叶光合色素含量均显著高于野生型.但其功能叶净光合速率等均与野生型没有显著差异.经遗传分析和分子定位,该叶片卷曲受一对隐性核基因控制,位于第9染色体分子标记SWU-1和Ind6之间812kb的区域.通过基因预测,在该区域共有129个候选基因,对其中3个可能与卷叶相关的基因测序,均未发现它们在lrl1与野生型间存在差异.以泡状细胞变化相关的6个卷叶基因在突变体lrl1中的real-timePCR分析表明,卷叶基因ROC5和RL14的表达明显上调,而ACL1,SRL1以及NAL7被下调,暗示了这些基因可能在同一通路上调控叶片的发育.该基因是一个新发现的基因,而且遗传行为简单,其相应突变体含有许多育种有利的性状,因而研究结果为该基因的克隆和功能研究及高产育种奠定了良好基础.

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