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科学通报  2011 

黑河源区水汽来源及地表径流组成的稳定同位素证据

, PP. 58-67

Keywords: 稳定氢氧同位素,水汽来源,表径流,河源区

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Abstract:

通过对黑河源区不同水体稳定氢(δD)和氧(δ18O)同位素比率的测定及对过量氘(d-excess)的计算,结合美国环境预报中心和国家大气研究中心(NECP/NCAR)再分析资料,对研究区大气水汽来源及地表径流组成进行了初步研究.结果表明,黑河源区各样点降水δ18O季节变化的一致性表明其水汽来源相同;夏季,野牛沟大气降水δ18O和δD值偏正而d-excess为低值,冬季降水的δ18O和δD偏负而d-excess增加,其季节变化特征与乌鲁木齐降水同位素特征相似,显示该区域夏季降水主要来源于西风输送,冬季降水除受西风控制外还受极地气团的影响.野牛沟全年较高的d-excess值表明,由于地处西北内陆干旱区,黑河源区不同水体的内循环特征非常明显.黑河源区不同水体的δD,δ18O和d-excess时间变化表明不同潜在水源对黑河源区地表径流的贡献不同.如5~9月份降水和河水的δD,δ18O和d-excess及12~2月泉水与河水的δ18O变化的一致性、降水量与出山径流相似的季节变化规律及9月份融水与河水δ18O的显著差异等均说明在黑河源区,降水对地表径流的主要贡献时段在6~9月中旬;冬季主要以基流(以泉水的形式)补给河水为主,但流量较低.

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