全部 标题 作者
关键词 摘要

OALib Journal期刊
ISSN: 2333-9721
费用:99美元

查看量下载量

相关文章

更多...
科学通报  2011 

中国区域主要颗粒物及污染气体的排放源清单

, PP. 261-268

Keywords: 中国大陆,颗粒物,污染气体,排放清单,季节性

Full-Text   Cite this paper   Add to My Lib

Abstract:

利用政府部门公布的最新数据,包括社会-经济数据、化石燃料和生物质燃料消耗数据等,同时采用一些新的、中国特有的排放因子,计算了中国大陆2007年高时空分辨率的颗粒物及污染气体的排放源清单.计算的年排放量分别是PM2.51321.2万吨,BC139.9万吨,OC294.6万吨,SO23158.4万吨,NOx2324.8万吨,NH31601.7.0万吨,CO16485.6万吨,VOCs3546.4万吨.计算出的全国和各地区的排放量采用0.5°×0.5°的网格来图示,表明沿海地区及部分中部地区的排放强度明显高于西部地区;部分污染物的排放具有较强的季节性,主要是由于自然因素及居民采暖、农业秸秆的露天焚烧的季节性等所致.分析对比表明,本文计算的排放结果与其他清单基本相当,但在不同污染物分类别的排放量上则不尽相同;估算误差相对以往清单小.

References

[1]  任仁. 中国酸雨的过去、现在和将来. 北京工业大学学报, 1997, 23: 128-132
[2]  Wang T J, Jin L S, Li Z K, et al. A modeling study on acid rain and recommended emission control strategies in China. Atmos Environ,2000, 34: 4467-4477
[3]  Terada H, Ueda H, Wang Z. Trend of acid rain and neutralization by yellow sand in east Asia—A numerical study. Atmos Environ, 2002,36: 503-509
[4]  张远航, 邵可声, 唐孝炎. 中国城市光化学烟雾污染研究. 北京大学学报, 1998, 34: 392-400
[5]  张强, Klimont Z, Streets D G, 等. 中国人为源颗粒物排放模型及2001 年排放清单估算. 自然科学进展, 2006, 16: 223-231
[6]  Zhang Q, Streets D G, Carmichael G R, et al. Asian emissions in 2006 for the NASA INTEX-B mission. Atmos Chem Phys Discuss, 2009,9: 4081.4139
[7]  孙庆贺, 陆永琪, 傅立新, 等. 我国氮氧化物排放因子的修正和排放量计算: 2000 年. 环境污染治理技术与设备, 2004, 5: 90-94
[8]  Kato N, Akimoto H. Anthropogenic emission of SO2 and NOx in Asia: Emission inventories. Atmos Environ, 1992, 26: 2997-3017
[9]  Klimont Z, Streets D G, Gupta S, et al. Anthropogenic emissions of non-methane volatile organic compounds in China. Atmos Environ,2002, 36: 1309-1322
[10]  Streets D G, Gupta S, Waldho S T, et al. Black carbon emissions in China. Atmos Environ, 2001, 35: 4281-4296
[11]  Streets D G, Tsai N Y, Akimoto H, et al. Sulfur dioxide emissions in Asia in the period 1985.1997. Atmos Environ, 2000, 34: 4413-4424
[12]  Ohara T A H K. An Asian emission inventory of anthropogenic emission sources for the period 1980[J].2020. Atmos Chem Phys.2007, 7:4419-4444
[13]  Tan Q, Chameides W L, Streets D, et al. An evaluation of TRACE-P emission inventories from China using a regional model and chemicalmeasurements. J Geophys Res, 2004, 109: D22305
[14]  白乃彬. 中国地区大气臭氧变化及其对气候环境的影响(一). 北京: 气象出版社, 1996. 145-150
[15]  田贺忠, 郝吉明, 陆永琪. 中国氮氧化物排放清单及分布特征. 中国环境科学, 2001, 21: 493-497
[16]  Zhao D, Wang A. Estimation of anthropogenic ammonia emissions in Asia. Atmos Environ, 1994, 28: 689-694
[17]  Wang X P, Mauzerall D L, Hu Y T, et al. A high-resolution emission inventory for eastern China in 2000 and three scenarios for 2020.Atmos Environ, 2005, 39: 5917-5933
[18]  Cao G L, Zhang X Y, Zheng F C. Inventory of black carbon and organic carbon emissions from China. Atmos Environ, 2006, 40:6516-6527
[19]  Bond T C, Streets D G, Yarber K F, et al. A technology-based global inventory of black and organic carbon emissions from combustion. JGeophys Res, 2004, 109: D14203
[20]  中国电力年鉴编辑委员会. 中国电力年鉴2008. 北京: 中国电力出版社, 2008
[21]  Cooke W F, Liousse C, Cachier H, et al. Construction of a 1°×1° fossil fuel emission data set for carbonaceous aerosol and implementationand radiative impact in the ECHAM4 model. J Geophys Res, 1999, 104: 22137
[22]  Reddy M S, Venkataraman C. Inventory of aerosol and sulphur dioxide emissions from India: I-Fossil fuel combustion. Atmos Environ,2002, 36: 677-697
[23]  Liousse C, Penner J E, Chuang C, et al. A global three-dimensional model study of carbonaceous aerosols. J Geophys Res, 1996, 101:19411-19422
[24]  Turn S Q, Jenkins B M, Chow J C, et al. Element characterization of particulate matter emitted from biomass burning: Wind tunnel derivedsource profiles for herbaceous and wood fuels. J Geophys Res, 1997, 102: 3683-3699
[25]  Andreae M O, Merlet P. Emissions of trace gases and aerosols from biomass burning. Glob Biogeochem Cycle, 2001, 15: 955-966
[26]  Zhang J, Smith K R, Ma Y, et al. Greenhouse gases and other airborne pollutants from household stoves in China: A database for emissionfactors. Atmos Environ, 2000, 34: 4537-4549
[27]  朱松丽. 发展中国家农村民用炉灶的温室气体和污染物排放因子研究. 研究与试验, 2004, 2: 16-19
[28]  杜青, 杨延相, 郑伟, 等. 机动车实际道路排放特性及若干影响因素的研究. 内燃机学报, 2002, 20: 297-302
[29]  李伟, 傅立新, 郝吉明, 等. 中国道路机动车10 种污染物的排放量. 城市环境与城市生态, 2003, 16: 36-38
[30]  沈旻嘉, 郝吉明, 王丽涛. 中国加油站VOC 排放污染现状及控制. 环境科学, 2006, 27: 1473-1478
[31]  Cao G L, Zhang X Y, Gong S L, et al. Investigation on emission factors of particulate matter and gaseous pollutants from crop residuesburning. J Environ Sci, 2008, 20: 501-555
[32]  王英. 北京地区机动车排放颗粒物的污染特征研究. 博士毕业论文. 长春: 吉林大学, 2002
[33]  Chen Y J, Shen G Y, Bi X H, et al. Emission factors of carbonaceous particles and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from residential coalcombustion in China. Environ Sci Tech, 2005, 39: 1861-1867
[34]  罗陨飞, 李文华, 姜英, 等. 中国煤中硫的分布特征研究. 煤炭转化, 2005, 28: 14-18
[35]  Arndt R L, Carmichael G R, Streets D G, et al. Sulfur dioxide emissions and sectorial contributions to sulfur deposition in Asia. AtmosEnviron, 1997, 31: 1553-1572
[36]  国家统计局. 中国统计年鉴2008. 北京: 中国统计出版社, 2008
[37]  ? 中国农村能源年鉴编辑委员会. 中国农村能源年鉴2000.2008. 北京: 中国农业出版社, 2008
[38]  张小曳. 中国大气气溶胶及其气候效应的研究. 地球科学进展, 2007, 22: 12-16
[39]  Huebert B J, Bates T, Russell P B, et al. An overview of ACE-Asia: Strategies for quantifying the relationships between Asian aerosolsand their climatic impacts. J Geophys Res, 2003, 108: 8633
[40]  Streets D G, Bond T C, Carmichael G R, et al. An inventory of gaseous and primary aerosol emissions in Asia in the year 2000. J GeophysRes, 2003, 108: 8809
[41]  Jacobson M Z. Strong radiative heating due to the mixing state of black carbon in atmospheric aerosols. Nature, 2001, 409: 695-697
[42]  Jacobson M Z. Control of fossil-fuel particulate black carbon and organic matter, possibly the most effective method of slowing globalwarming. J Geophys Res, 2002, 107: 4410
[43]  Menon S, Hansen J, Nazarenko L, et al. Climate effects of black carbon aerosols in China and India. Science, 2002, 297: 2250-2253
[44]  杨宏伟, 胡秀莲. 建立中国二氧化硫排放清单体系的方法学研究. 能源环境保护, 2004, 18: 10-15
[45]  王丽涛, 张强, 郝吉明. 中国大陆CO 人为源排放清单. 环境科学学报, 2005, 25: 1580-1585
[46]  王文兴, 王玮, 张婉华. 我国SO2 和NOx 排放强度地理分布和历史趋势. 中国环境科学, 1996, 16: 161-166
[47]  孙庆瑞, 王美蓉. 我国氨的排放量和时空分布. 大气科学, 1997, 21: 590-598
[48]  王文兴, 卢筱凤, 庞燕波, 等. 中国氨的排放强度地理分布. 环境科学学报, 1997, 17: 2-7
[49]  Bouwman A F, Lee D S, Asman W A H, et al. A global high resolution emission inventory for ammonia. Glob Biogeochem Cycle, 1997,11: 561-587
[50]  Aardenne J A, Carmichael G R, Levy H. Anthropogenic NOx emissionsin Asian in the period 1990[J].2020. Atmos Environ.1999, 33:633-646
[51]  Streets D G, Bond T C, Lee T, et al. On the future of carbonaceous aerosol emissions. J Geophys Res, 2004, 109: D24212
[52]  Streets D G, Waldhoff S T. Present and future emissions of air pollutants in China: SO2, NOx and CO. Atmos Environ, 2000, 34: 363-374
[53]  Tonooka Y, Kannari A, Higashino H, et al. NMVOCs and CO emission inventory in East Asia. Water Air Soil Pollut, 2001, 130: 199-204
[54]  曹国良, 张小曳, 郑方成, 等. 我国大陆秸秆露天焚烧的量的估算. 资源科学, 2006, 28: 9-13
[55]  ? 国家林业局. 中国林业统计年鉴2008. 北京: 中国林业出版社, 2008
[56]  ? 中国农业年鉴编辑委员会. 中国农业年鉴2008. 北京: 中国农业出版社, 2008
[57]  田晓瑞, 舒立副, 王明玉. 1991~2000 年中国森林火灾直接释放碳量估算. 火灾科学, 2003, 12: 6-10
[58]  Shea R, Shea B, Kauffman J, et al. Fuel biomass and combustion factors associated with fires in savanna ecosystems of South Africa andZambia. J Geophys Res, 1996, 101: 23551-23568
[59]  Wei W, Wang S, Chatani S, et al. Emission and speciation of non-methane volatile organic compounds from anthropogenic sources inChina. Atmos Environ, 2008, 42: 4976-4988
[60]  Klimont Z, Cofala J, Xing J, et al. Projections of SO2, NOx and carbonaceous aerosols emissions in Asia. Tellus B, 2009, 61: 602-617
[61]  Lu Z, Streets D G, Zhang Q, et al. Sulfur dioxide emissions in China and sulfur trends in East Asia since 2000. Atmos Chem Phys Discuss,2010, 10: 8657-8715
[62]  Zhang X Y, Wang Y Q, Zhang X C, et al. Carbonaceous aerosol composition over various regions of China during 2006. J Geophys Res,2008, 113: D14111
[63]  Lin W L, Xu X B, Ge B, et al. Characteristics of gaseous pollutants at Gucheng, a rural site southwest of Beijing. J Geophys Res, 2009,114: D00G14
[64]  IPCC. Quantifying Uncertainties in Practice, Chapter 6. In: Good Practice Guidance and Uncertainty Management in National GreenhouseGas Inventories. Bracknell: IES, IPCC, OECD, 1997
[65]  钟流举, 郑君瑜, 雷国强, 等. 大气污染物排放源清单不确定性定量分析方法及案例研究. 环境科学研究, 2007, 20: 15-20

Full-Text

Contact Us

service@oalib.com

QQ:3279437679

WhatsApp +8615387084133