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科学通报  2011 

华北克拉通上地幔顶部构造特征:来自台站间Pn波到时差成像的约束

, PP. 962-970

Keywords: 华北克拉通,岩石圈减薄,上地幔顶部,Pn,波到时差,克拉通破坏

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Abstract:

上地幔顶部是地壳和岩石圈地幔能量传递和物质交换的关键区域,华北克拉通破坏与岩石圈减薄在空间分布和破坏机制上的差异势必会造成克拉通不同区域在岩石圈地幔顶部地震波速度的不同.使用华北及周边地区固定地震台站记录的Pn波到时数据,采用台站间Pn波到时差成像方法,反演得到了华北克拉通及周边地区上地幔顶部Pn波速度结构.结果显示华北克拉通东部、中部和西部块体上地幔顶部表现出明显不同的速度异常结构,暗示着克拉通不同块体岩石圈在古生代以来可能经历了不同的构造演化和深部动力学过程,并在现今上地幔顶部留下作用的痕迹.华北克拉通东部块体渤海湾盆地地区上地幔顶部的明显高速异常可能代表了太古代岩石圈地幔的残留;郯庐断裂带和渤海海域上地幔顶部的低速异常可能归因于岩石圈的强烈减薄和软流圈热物质的上涌;而燕山地区下地壳和岩石圈地幔拆沉后形成的新生岩石圈地幔可能是这里上地幔顶部低速异常的原因.华北克拉通中部块体的太行山一带上地幔顶部显示为显著的低速异常,这一低速异常特征一直延伸到鄂尔多斯地块北缘的银川-河套裂陷和阴山造山带,可能与软流圈热物质沿克拉通西部块体周缘岩石圈构造薄弱带上涌有关,上涌形成的岩浆底侵或热侵蚀作用造成了岩石圈的减薄,并显著降低了上地幔顶部的速度.华北克拉通西部块体上地幔顶部为明显的高速异常,反映出尚未破坏的太古代克拉通古老岩石圈的性质.

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