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科学通报  2011 

柴达木盆地西部新生代盐湖相烃源岩中高支链类异戊二烯烃(C25HBI)的检出及其地质地球化学意义

, PP. 1032-1041

Keywords: C25HBI,硅藻,高碳数正构烷烃,分子碳同位素,柴达木盆地

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Abstract:

发育于盐湖相环境的柴达木盆地西部第三系渐新统下干柴沟组是该盆地西部地区的主力烃源岩层.在该组上段沉积有机质中检出了硅藻的特征性生物标志化合物——含25个碳原子的高支链类异戊二烯烃(C25HBI),该化合物的检出对于揭示区域沉积有机质发育的生物地球化学背景具有重要意义.研究结果表明,柴达木盆地西部地区下干柴沟组上段烃源岩中的C25HBI碳同位素值介于-18‰到-20‰之间,为典型硅藻生源特征.由于沉积环境中硅藻生长在大量消耗水体溶解CO2的同时,必须利用无机碳酸盐碳才能维持其快速繁殖,硅藻勃发代表了水体环境富营养、高生产率特征,因此富重碳同位素C25HBI在沉积有机质中的检出有可能成为该地区优质烃源层发育的标志之一.同时,由于硅藻发育环境水体溶解CO2处于胁迫状态,将导致沉积有机质总体以富集13C为特征,可能是造成该地区第三系沉积有机质碳同位素偏重的原因之一.作为该套烃源岩沉积有机质的生源之一,硅藻生源高碳数正构烷烃(>n-C25)具有无碳优势分布的特点,使得该地区高碳数正构烷烃的生源和成因复杂化,在烃源岩有机质评价时应引起重视.

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