1 The Nobel Prize in Chemstry 2010. Information for the Public[EB/OL]. http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/2010/info. html
[2]
5 Heck R F. Allylation of aromatic compounds with organopalladium salts. J Am Chem Soc, 1968, 90: 5531-5534??
[3]
7 Heck R F. Aromatic haloethylation with palladium and copper halides. J Am Chem Soc, 1968, 90: 5538-5542??
[4]
10 Littke A F, Fu G C. Heck reactions in the presence of P(t-Bu)3: Expanded scope and milder reaction conditions for the coupling of aryl chlorides.J Org Chem, 1999, 64: 10-11??
[5]
11 Herrmann W A, Brossmer C, Ofele K, et al. Palladacycles as structurally defined catalysts for the Heck olefination of chloro- and bromoarenes.Angew Chem Int Ed, 1995, 34: 1844-1848??
[6]
14 Negishi E-I, Baba S. Novel stereoselective alkenyl-aryl coupling via nickel-catalysed reaction of alkenylanes with aryl halides. J Chem Soc ChemComm, 1976, 596-597
[7]
16 Negishi E-I, King A O, Okukado N. Selective carbon-carbon bond formation via transition metal catalysis. 3. A highly selective synthesis of unsymmetricalbiaryls and diarylmethanes by the nickel- or palladium-catalyzed reaction of aryl- and benzylzinc derivatives with aryl halides. J OrgChem, 1977, 42: 1821-1823
[8]
18 Miyaura N, Yamada K, Suzuki A. A new stereospecific cross-coupling by the palladium-catalyzed reaction of 1-alkenylboranes with 1-alkenyl or1-alkynyl halides. Tetrahedron Lett, 1979, 20: 3437-3440??
[9]
19 Miyaura N, Suzuki A. Stereoselective synthesis of arylated (E)-alkenes by the reaction of alk-1-enylboranes with aryl halides in the presence ofpalladium catalyst. J Chem Soc Chem Comm, 1979, 866-867
[10]
21 Andrade C K Z, Alves L M. Environmentally benign solvents in organic synthesis: Current topics. Curr Org Chem, 2005, 9: 195-218??
[11]
23 Shezad N, Oakes R S, Rayner C M. Use of fluorinated palladium sources for efficient Pd-catalysed coupling reactions in supercritical carbon dioxide.Tetrahedron Lett, 1999, 40: 2221-2224??
[12]
24 Early T R, Gordon R S, Holmes A B, et al. Palladium-catalysed cross-coupling reactions in supercritical carbon dioxide. Chem Comm, 2001,1966-1967
[13]
26 Yeung L K, Johnston K P, Crooks R M. Catalysis in supercritical CO2 using dendrimer-encapsulted palladium nanoparticles. Chem Comm, 2001,2290-2291
[14]
27 Early T R, Gordon R S, Carroll M A, et al. Palladium-catalysed cross-coupling reactions in supercritical carbon dioxide. Chem Comm, 2001,1966-1967
[15]
32 Mathews C J, Smith P J, Welton T. Palladium catalysed Suzuki cross-coupling reactions in ambient temperature ionic liquids. Chem Comm, 2000,1249-1250
[16]
39 Xie X G, Lu J P, Pan X F, et al. Pd/C-catalyzed Heck reaction in ionic liquid accelerated by microwave heating. Tetrahedron Lett, 2004, 45:809-811??
[17]
42 Lai W Y, Zhu R, Fan Q L, et al. Monodisperse six-armed triazatruxenes: Microwave-enhanced synthesis and highly efficient pure-deep- blueelectroluminescence. Macromolecules, 2006, 39: 3707-3709??
[18]
43 Lai W Y, Chen Q Q, He Q Y, et al. Microwave-enhanced multiple Suzuki couplings toward highly luminescent starburst monodisperse macromolecules.Chem Comm, 2006, 1959-1961
[19]
46 Lai W Y, Liu D, Huang W. Towards highly substituted starburst macromolecular semiconductors: Microwave synthesis, spectroscopy and electrochemicalproperties. Macromolecular Chem Phys, 2011, 212: 445-454??
[20]
49 Cravotto G, Beggiato M, Penoni A, et al. High-intensity ultrasound and microwave, alone or combined, promote Pd/C-catalyzed aryl-aryl couplings.Tetrahedron Lett, 2005, 46: 2267-2271??
[21]
50 Vankelecom I F J. Polymeric membranes in catalytic reactors. Chem Rev, 2002, 102: 3779-3810??
[22]
51 Dijkstra H P, van Klink G P M, van Koten G. The use of ultra- and nanofiltration techniques in homogeneous catalyst recycling. Acc Chem Res,2002, 35: 798-810??
[23]
52 J?hnisch K, Hessel V, Baerns M, et al. Chemistry in microstructured reactors. Angew Chem Int Ed, 2004, 43: 406-446??
[24]
53 Watts P, Haswell S J. The application of micro reactors for organic synthesis. Chem Soc Rev, 2005, 34: 235-246??
[25]
54 Nielsen S F, Peters D, Axelsson O. The Suzuki reaction under solvent-free conditions. Synth Commun, 2000, 30: 3501-3509??
[26]
55 Cassol C C, Umpierre A P, Machado G, et al. The role of Pd nanoparticles in ionic liquid in the Heck reaction. J Am Chem Soc, 2005, 127:3298-3299??
[27]
56 Klingelhofer S, Heitz W, Forster S, et al. Preparation of palladium colloids in block copolymer micelles and their use for the catalysis of the Heckreaction. J Am Chem Soc, 1997, 119: 10116-10120??
[28]
57 Sheldon R, Arends I, Hanefeld U. Green Chemistry and Catalysis. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH, 2007
[29]
60 Fukuda M, Sawada K, Yoshino K. Fusible conducting poly(9-alkylfluorene) and poly(9,9-dialkylfluorene) and their characteristics. Jpn J ApplPhys, 1989, 28: 1433-1435
[30]
61 Miyaura N, Suzuki A. Palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions of organoboron compounds. Chem Rev, 1995, 95: 2457-2483??
[31]
62 Wu Y G, Li J, Fu Y Q, et al. Synthesis of extremely stable blue light emitting poly(spirobifluorene)s with Suzuki polycondensation. Organ Lett,2004, 6: 3485-3487??
[32]
63 Yu W L, Pei J, Huang W, et al. Spiro-functionalized polyfluorene derivatives as blue light-emitting materials. Adv Mater, 2000, 12: 828-831??
[33]
64 Jacob J, Sax S, Müllen K, et al. Ladder-type pentaphenylenes and their polymers: Efficient blue-light emitters and electron-accepting materials viaa common intermediate. J Am Chem Soc, 2004, 126: 6987-6995??
[34]
65 Ling Q D, Kang E T, Huang W, et al. Synthesis and nearly monochromatic photoluminescence properties of conjugated copolymers containingfluorene and rare earth complexes. Macromolecules, 2003, 36: 6995-7003??
[35]
67 Zeng G, Yu W L, Chua S J, et al. Spectral and thermal spectral stability study for fluorine-based conjugated polymers. Macromolecules, 2002, 35,6907-6914??
[36]
68 Liu B, Yu W L, Lai Y H, et al. Synthesis of a novel cationic water-soluble efficientblue photoluminescent conjugated polymer. Chem Comm,2000, 551-552
[37]
70 Liu S J, Zhao Q, Chen R F, et al. π-Conjugated chelating polymers with charged Iridium complexes in the backbones: Synthesis, characterization,energy transfer, and electrochemical properties. Chem Eur J, 2006, 12: 4351-4361??
[38]
71 Xia R D, Lai W Y, Levermore P A, et al. Low-threshold distributed-feedback lasers based on pyrene-cored starburst molecules with1,3,6,8-attached oligo(9,9-dialkylfluorene) arms. Adv Funct Mater, 2009, 19: 2844-2850
[39]
73 Liu F, Lai W Y, Tang C, et al. Synthesis and characterization of pyrene-centered starburst oligofluorenes. Macromol Rapid Commun, 2008, 29:659-664??
[40]
75 Chen R F, Zhu R, Fan Q L, et al. Synthesis, structure, and optoelectronic properties of phosphafluorene copolymers. Org Lett, 2008: 2913-2916
[41]
76 McCullough R D. The chemistry of conducting polythiophenes. Adv Mater, 1998, 10: 93-116??
[42]
83 Yu G, Gao J, Hummelen J C, et al. Polymer photovoltaic cells: Enhanced efficiencies via a network of internal donor-acceptor heterojunctions.Science, 1995, 270: 1789-1791??
[43]
84 Li G, Shrotriya V, Huang J S, et al. High-efficiency solution processable polymer photovoltaic cells by self-organization of polymer blends. NatMater, 2005, 4: 864-868
[44]
85 Wang E G, Wang L, Lan L F, et al. High-performance polymer heterojunction solar cells of a polysilafluorene derivative. Appl Phys Lett, 2008,92: 033307??
[45]
86 Huo L J, Hou J H, Zhang S Q, et al. A polybenzo[1,2-b:4,5-b’]dithiophene derivative with deep HOMO level and its application inhigh-performance polymer solar cells. Angew Chem Int Ed, 2010, 49: 1500-1503
[46]
87 Liang Y Y, Xu Z, Xia J B, et al. For the bright future—bulk heterojunction polymer solar cells with power conversion efficiency of 7.4%. AdvMater, 2010, 22: E135-E138
[47]
2 B?ckvall J E. Palladium-Catalyzed Cross Couplings in Organic Synthesis: Scientific Background on the Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2010[EB/OL].http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/2010/Sciback_2010.pdf
[48]
3 Heck R F. Acylation, methylation, and carboxyalkylation of olefins by Group VIII metal derivatives. J Am Chem Soc, 1968, 90: 5518-5526??
[49]
4 Heck R F. The arylation of allylic alcohols with organopalladium compounds. A new synthesis of 3-aryl aldehydes and ketones. J Am Chem Soc,1968, 90: 5526-5531
[50]
6 Heck R F. The palladium-catalyzed arylation of enol esters, ethers, and halides. A new synthesis of 2-aryl aldehydes and ketones. J Am Chem Soc,1968, 90: 5535-5538
[51]
8 Fitton P, McKeon J E. Reactions of tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) with olefins bearing electron-withdrawing substituents. ChemComm, 1968, 4-6
[52]
9 Fitton P, Johnson M P, McKeon J E. Oxidative additions to palladium(0). Chem Comm, 1968, 6-7
[53]
12 Xu L J, Chen W P, Xiao J L. Heck reaction in ionic liquids and the in Situ identification of N-heterocyclic carbene complexes of palladium. Organometallics,2000, 19: 1123-1127??
[54]
13 Reetz M T, Westermann E. Phosphane-free palladium-catalyzed coupling reactions: The decisive role of Pd nanoparticles. Angew Chem Int Ed,2000, 39: 165-168??
[55]
15 Baba S, Negishi E-I. A novel stereospecific alkenyl-alkenyl cross-coupling by a palladium- or nickel-catalyzed reaction of alkenylalanes withalkenyl halides. J Am Chem Soc, 1976, 98: 6729-6731??
[56]
17 King A O, Okukado N, Negishi E-I. Highly general stereo-, regio-, and chemo-selective synthesis of terminal and internal conjugated enynes bythe Pd-catalysed reaction of alkynylzinc reagents with alkenyl halides. J Chem Soc Chem Comm, 1977, 683-684
[57]
20 Sheldon R A. Green solvents for sustainable organic synthesis: State of the art. Green Chem, 2005, 7: 267-268??
[58]
22 Carroll M A, Holmes A B. Palladium-catalysed carbon-carbon bond formation in supercritical carbon dioxide. Chem Comm, 1998, 1395-1396
[59]
25 Bhanage B M, Fujita S, Arai M. Heck reactions with various types of palladium complex catalysts: Application of multiphase catalysis and supercriticalcarbon dioxide. J Organmet Chem, 2003, 687, 211-218??
[60]
28 楼芝英, 严新焕.超临界流体中的催化反应. 化学通报, 2001, 64: 569-572
[61]
29 B?ckvall J E, Adams R. Organometallic chemistry in ionic liquids. J Organomet Chem, 2005, 690: 3489??
[62]
30 Mo J, Xu L J, Xiao J L. Ionic liquid-promoted, highly regioselective Heck arylation of electron-rich olefins by aryl halides. J Am Chem Soc,2005 , 127: 751-760
[63]
31 Sirieix J, Oberger M, Betzemeier B, et al. Palladium catalyzed cross-couplings of organozincs in ionic liquids. Synlett, 2000, 11: 1613-1615
[64]
33 Li C J, Chen L. Organic chemistry in water. Chem Soc Rev, 2006, 35: 68-82??
[65]
34 Larhed M, Lindeberg G, Hallberg A. Rapid microwave-assisted Suzuki coupling on solid-phase. Tetrahedron Lett, 1996, 37: 8219-8222??
[66]
35 Larhed M, Hallberg A. Microwave-promoted palladium-catalyzed coupling reactions. J Org Chem, 1996, 61: 9582-9584??
[67]
36 Basu B, Das P, Bhuiyan M M H, et al. Microwave-assisted Suzuki coupling on a KF-alumina surface: Synthesis of polyaryls. Tetrahedron Lett,2003, 44: 3817-3820??
[68]
37 Villemin D, Caillot F. Microwave mediated palladium-catalysed reactions on potassium fluoride/alumina without use of solvent. Tetrahedron Lett,2001, 42: 639-642??
[69]
38 Leadbeater N E, Marco M. Ligand-free palladium catalysis of the Suzuki reaction in water using microwave heating. Org Lett, 2002, 4:2973-2976??
[70]
40 ?hberg L, Westman J. One-pot three step solution phase syntheses of thiohydantoins using microwave heating. Synlett, 2001, 12: 1893-1896
[71]
41 Lai W Y, He Q Y, Zhu R, et al. Kingked star-shaped fluorene/triazatruxene co-oligomer Hybrids with enhanced functional properties forhigh-performance, solution-processed, blue organic light-emitting diodes. Adv Funct Mater, 2008, 265-276
[72]
44 Lai W Y, Xia R D, He Q Y, et al. Enhanced solid-state luminescence and low-threshold lasing from starburst macromolecular materials. Adv Mater,2009, 21: 355-360??
[73]
45 Lai W Y, Xia R D, Bradley D D C, et al. 2,37,8,12,13-Hexaaryltruxenes: An ortho-substituted multiarm design and microwave-accelerated synthesistoward starburst macromolecular materials with well-defined π delocalization. Chem Eur J, 2010, 16: 8471-8479
[74]
47 Deshmukh R R, Rajagopal R, Srinivasan K V. Ultrasound promoted C-C bond formation: Heck reaction at ambient conditions in room temperatureionic liquids. Chem Comm, 2001, 1544-1545
[75]
48 Rajagopal R, Jarikote D V, Srinivasan K V. Ultrasound promoted Suzuki cross-coupling reactions in ionic liquid at ambient conditions. ChemComm, 2002, 616-617
[76]
58 Heeger A J. Nobel Lecture: Semiconducting and metallic polymers. The fourth generation of polymeric materials. Rev Mod Phys, 2001, 73:681-700??
66 Yu W L, Pei J, Cao Y, et al. New efficient blue light emitting polymer for light emitting diodes. Chem Comm, 1999, 1837-1838
[79]
69 Xin Y, Wen G A, Huang W, et al. Hyperbranched oxadiazole-containing polyfluorenes: Toward stable blue light PLEDs. Macromolecules, 2005,38: 6755-6758??
[80]
72 Lai W Y, He Q Y, Ma Z, et al. Synthesis and characterization of 2,3,7,8,12,13-hexabromotruxene and its hexaaryl derivatives. Chem Lett, 2009,38: 286-287
[81]
74 Chen R F, Fan Q L, Zheng C, et al. A general strategy for the facile synthesis of 2,7-dibromo-9-heterofluorenes. Org Lett, 2006, 8: 203-205
[82]
77 Shirota Y. Organic materials for electronic and optoelectronic devices. J Mater Chem, 2000, 10: 1-25??
[83]
78 Pei J, Yu W L, Huang W, et al. A novel series of efficient thiophene-based light-emitting conjugated polymers and application in polymerlight-emitting diodes. Macromolecules, 2000, 33: 2462-2471??
[84]
79 Xie L H, Fu T, Hou X Y, et al. An efficient synthesis of novel spiro[[8H]indeno[2,1-b]-thiophene-8,9′-fluorene] building block for bluelight-emitting materials. Tetrahedron Lett, 2006, 47: 6421-6424
[85]
80 Pei J, Yu W L, Huang W, et al. The synthesis and characterization of an efficient greenlectroluminescent conjugated polymer: Poly[2,7-bis(4-hexylthienyl)-9,9-dihexylfluorene]. Chem Comm, 2000, 1631-1632
[86]
81 Liu B, Yu W L, Lai Y H, et al. Blue-light-emitting fluorene-based polymers with tunable electronic properties. Chem Mater, 2001, 13: 1984-1991??
[87]
82 Liu B, Yu W L, Huang W, et al. Synthesis, characterization, and structure-property relationship of novel fluorene-thiophene-based conjugatedcopolymers. Macromolecules, 2000, 33: 8945-8952??
[88]
88 Nerenberg J B, Hung D T, Somers P K, et al. Total synthesis of the immunosuppressive agent (-)-discodermolide. J Am Chem Soc, 1993, 115:12621-12622??
[89]
89 Hung D T, Nerenberg J B, Schireiber S L. Syntheses of discodermolides useful for investigating microtubule binding and stabilization. J AmChem Soc, 1996, 118: 11054-11080??