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科学通报  2012 

城市不同下垫面辐射平衡的模拟分析

DOI: 10.1360/csb2012-57-6-465, PP. 465-473

Keywords: NARP,净辐射,热岛效应,能量平衡,气候变化,北京市

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Abstract:

利用北京市2010年的实测数据,首先对局地尺度的城市净辐射参数化方案(NARP)进行了验证,分析NARP在城市区域的适用性.在此基础上,人为设置4种不同下垫面类型(纯的林地、草地、道路、房屋),在其他条件一致的情况下模拟不同下垫面的辐射差异,以更清晰解读不同下垫面的辐射平衡各分量,特别是净辐射的不同特征.结果显示(1)NARP模拟的净辐射值与实测净辐射值具有较好的一致性,相关系数为0.98,模拟效率可达0.93;(2)不同下垫面对各辐射分量的影响不同,上行长波辐射的值很大,占到全年进入地表总辐射能量的84.3%,净辐射的年均值在38.2~53.4W/m2之间,其中草地最小,道路最大;(3)城市扩展过程中常见的林地-道路、草地-道路、草地-房屋等转类,净辐射都呈现出持续增加态势.其中,最大增加值出现在5月份,增幅可达24.6W/m2(草地-道路),说明城市扩展过程通常也伴随能量收入连续增加的过程.

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