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科学通报  2012 

中国东部1960~2008年夏季极端温度与极端降水的变化及其环流背景

, PP. 641-646

Keywords: 极端气候事件,逐日气温与降水观测,奇异值分解,大气环流的年代际变化

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Abstract:

中国东部极端气候事件及其变化与东亚夏季风和相应的环流密切相关.本文使用奇异值分解方法研究了中国近50年极端温度与极端降水事件频率的关系.1980~1996年,主要的分布型为中国东部的北侧地区极端高温日数较少而极端降水日数较多,其南侧地区极端高温日数较多对应极端降水日数较少;这种空间分布自1997年起呈反向变化,即较少的极端高温日数和较多的极端降水日数发生在长江以南地区,以北地区相反.通过分析1997年前后两个时间段的大气环流的年代际差异,可以得出我国东部北侧/南侧的中层异常高/低压,高层异常东/西风,减弱的东亚夏季风及位于30°N,110°E对流层高层的冷中心都有利于极端高温与降水事件频率的这种协同变化.

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