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科学通报  2012 

2000~2010年中国地表植被绿度变化

, PP. 1423-1434

Keywords: 荒漠化,绿度,MODIS,NDVI,变化趋势

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Abstract:

自然界的绿度与地表植被覆盖率直接相关.植被覆盖率能从含有近红外和红光波段的遥感图像计算得到的植被指数估算出来.因此植被指数能反映地表植被的绿度.特别对低植被覆盖率的荒漠区域,植被指数与植被覆盖率有单调的正相关关系.因此,它可以用来研究荒漠区域地表植被绿度.本文收集了2000~2010年11年间生长季的中等分辨率成像光谱仪(MODIS)数据计算的归一化差值植被指数(NDVI)产品,应用最小二乘法和最小绝对偏差法对变化趋势进行线性拟合,分析了2000~2010年中国地表植被覆盖绿度的变化情况.结果显示,在这一期间中国有66.84%(最小二乘趋势拟合结果)或64.27%(最小绝对偏差趋势拟合结果)的区域NDVI呈增加趋势,表明整体上我国的绿度在增加.同时,中国荒漠化的面积呈缩减趋势.中国绿度增加最显著的区域位于北方的陕西、山西、宁夏、河南、山东、青海、甘肃等地;绿度降低最显著的部分出现在内蒙古的东北部、西藏南部、江苏和上海等地.青海、甘肃、新疆、西藏南部等地荒漠化程度改变,可能是由气候驱动所致.内蒙古东北部绿度降低与人工开垦有关;江苏和上海等地的绿度降低与快速的城市化有关.气候对陕西、山西、宁夏、甘肃等地的绿度增高贡献不明显.在全国尺度上,荒漠化得到抑制和缩减,可能与人为的治理和保护有关.

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