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科学通报  2012 

中国1990~2010年城市扩张卫星遥感制图

, PP. 1388-1399

Keywords: 城市扩展,土地利用,耕地转化,建成区面积

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Abstract:

根据同一数据源的陆地卫星TM和ETM+影像,首次从1990,2000和2010年基准年图像上以人工解译方法为主获得我国所有城市20年间建成区分布范围,最后由专人按统一标准,对照三期城市数据逐个修改完成并建立了中国城市扩展数据库.结果表明我国城市化在过去20年间呈指数增长了2倍多;我国城市建成区面积由1990年东北较高,转变为2010年东南沿海的江苏、广东、山东、浙江领先的格局;我国城市化所占的土地主要来自耕地,大约有17750km2的耕地被城市化,而且21世纪最初10年比20世纪最后10年增加了近1.5倍;20年来,我国城市扩展速度最快的省份是江苏、广东、山东、浙江等.对2009年超过50万人口的147座城市单位建成区面积的国民经济总产值和人口分析表明,建成区经济效益高的城市由沿海城市辅以部分资源型内地城市组成,而人口密度高的城市主要由内地资源型城市组成;东部沿海省区建成区的经济效益低于中部和广东等省区.这个数据库将对研究我国城市建成区变化规律及其对耕地和其他用地的转化趋势、模拟城市发展动态、研究城市发展与我国人口增长和迁移的关系以及与碳排放和气候变化的关系、制定国家应对气候变化、国土资源利用以及城市规划与管理政策发挥重要作用.

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