全部 标题 作者
关键词 摘要

OALib Journal期刊
ISSN: 2333-9721
费用:99美元

查看量下载量

相关文章

更多...
科学通报  2012 

巨大的二叠纪木贼

, PP. 1671-1675

Keywords: 木贼,Arthropitys,bistriata,早二叠世,开姆尼茨矿化森林,德国

Full-Text   Cite this paper   Add to My Lib

Abstract:

木贼植物出现于晚泥盆世,石炭纪分异度达到最大,并在低地沼泽生态系统演化出类似竹子一样快速生长的植物类型.然而,进入二叠纪后,随着气候逐渐变干过程木贼植物的分异度骤然下降,仅一属残存至今,即草本Equisetum.德国开姆尼茨早二叠世矿化森林中的木贼化石标本显示,当时Arthropitysbistriata(Cotta)Goeppert可以长到至少15m高,直径达25cm以上,并产生大量木材.该木贼植物至少拥有3级分枝系统,形成与现代高等乔木植物类似的巨大树冠.我们认为早二叠世木贼植物可塑性生长机制可能与当时生态环境的变化及兴起的裸子植物的竞争压力有关.

References

[1]  27 Trennnel D C, Bazzaz F A. Plant Architecture and Allocation in Different Neighborhoods: Implications for Competitive Success. Ecology 1995, 76: 262-271
[2]  1 Taylor T N, Taylor E L, Krings M. Paleobotany: The Biology and Evolution of Fossil Plants. 2nd ed. Amsterdam: Elsevier Science and Teclmolology, 2009
[3]  3 Eggert D A. The ontogeny of Carbonferous arborescent Spbenopsida. Palaeontogr B, 1962, 110: 99-127
[4]  6 Hauke R L. A taxonomic monograph of Equisetum subgenus Equisetum. Nova Hedwigia, 1978, 30: 385-455
[5]  7 R??ler R, Noll R. Anatomy and branching of Arthropitys bistriata(Cotta) Goeppeit: New observations from the Pernuan petrified forest of Chemnitz, Germmy. Int J Coal Geol, 2010, 83: 103-124??
[6]  10 Simpson M G. Plant systematics. Amsterdam: Elsevier Acadenuc Press, 2006
[7]  11 Wang Y, Li J. Genes controlling plant arcliitecture. Aim Rev Plant Biol, 2008, 59: 253-279??
[8]  12 Wilson B F. Apical control of brmch growth and angle in woody plants. Am J Bot, 2000, 5: 601-607
[9]  13 Wang Y, Li J. Genes controlling plant architecture. Curr Opin Biotechnol, 2006, 17: 123-129??
[10]  26 Grams T E E, Andersen C P. Competition for resources in trees: Physiological versus morphological plasticity. Prog Bot, 2007, 68: 356-381??
[11]  2 DiMicbele W A, Phillips T L. Paleobotmical and paleoecological constraints on models of peat formation in the Late Carbonferous of Eurameiica. Palaeogeogr Palaeoclimatol Palaeoecol, 1994, 10G: 39-90
[12]  4 Jongmans W J. Anleitung zur Bestinnnung der Karbonpflanzen West-Europas. I. Tballopbytae, Equisetals, Spbenopbyllales, Staatl.Bobmerwaltung in den Niederlanden: Craz & Gerlacb, 1911
[13]  5 Hauke R L. A taxonomic monograph of the genus Equisetum subgenus Hippochaete. Nova Hedwigia Beib, 1963, 8: 1-123
[14]  8 Wang S J, Hilton J, Galtier J, et al. A large matomically preserved calamitem stem from the Upper Penuim of southwest China and its implications for calamitem development and functional anatomy. Plant Syst Evol, 2006, 261: 229-244??
[15]  9 Roscber M, Scbneider J W. Permo-Carboniferous climate: Early Pennsylvanian to Late Pernuan climate development of central Europe in a regional and global context. In: Lucas S G, Scbneider J W, eds. Non-marine Pernuan Biostratigrapby and Biocbronology. London:Geological Society London, Special Publication, 2006. 95-136
[16]  14 Yang Z, Midmore D J. Self-organisation at the whole-plant level: A modelling study. Fund Plant Biol, 2009, 36: 56-65??
[17]  15 White J. The plant as a metapopulation. Ann Rev Ecol Syst, 1979, 10: 109-145??
[18]  16 Kawamura K. A conceptual framework for the study of modular responses to local environmental heterogeneity within the plant crown and a review of related concepts. Ecol Res, 2010, 25: 733-744??
[19]  17 DiMichele W A, Falcon-Lmg H J, Elrick S D, et al. Ecological gradients within a Pemsylvmim forest. Geology, 2007, 35: 415-418??
[20]  18 Kerp H. Post-Variscian late Palaeozoic Northern Hemisphere gynmosperms: The onset to the Mesozoic. Rev Palaeobot Palynol, 1996, 90:263-285??
[21]  19 Montaiiez I P, Tabor N J, Niemeier D, et al. CO2-forced climate and vegetation instability dining late Paleozoic deglaciation. Science,2007, 315: 87-91??
[22]  20 Falcon-Lmg H J. Pemsylvanan tropical rainforests responded to glacial-interglacial rhythms. Geology, 2004, 32: 689-692??
[23]  21 Falcon-Lmg H J, Nelson J, Ehick S, et al. Incised valley-fills containng conifers imply that seasonally-dry vegetation donunated Pennsylvmim lowlands. Geology, 2009, 37: 923-926??
[24]  22 Falcon-Lmg H J, DiMichele W A. What happened to the Coal Forests dining glacial phases? Palaios, 2010, 25: 611-617
[25]  23 Sabney S, Benton M J, Falcon-Lmg H J. Rainforest collapse triggered Carbonferous tetrapod diversification in Eurameiica. Geology, 2010, 38: 1079-1082??
[26]  24 R??ler R. Two remarkable Pernum petrified forests: Correlation, comparison and significmce. In: Lucas S G, Scbneider J W, eds.Non-marine Pernum Biostratigrapby and Bioclironology. London: Geological Society London, Special Publication, 2006. 39-63
[27]  25 R??ler R, Noll R. Spbenopsids of the Penuian (I): The largest known anatomically preserved calanute, an exceptional find from the petrified forest of Cbenmitz Germany. Rev Palaeobot Palynol, 2006, 140: 145-162??

Full-Text

Contact Us

service@oalib.com

QQ:3279437679

WhatsApp +8615387084133