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科学通报  2012 

新型材料电气石对酸性溶液中镉离子的吸附

, PP. 1992-1999

Keywords: 电气石,,酸性溶液,吸附,机理

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Abstract:

电气石对溶液中Cd2+离子的吸附特性和机理研究的结果表明,电气石对Cd2+离子的吸附受吸附时间、温度及初始浓度的影响.在酸性、中性及碱性条件下电气石对Cd2+均有较好的去除效果,这主要归结为电气石能将酸性(除pH2.0和3.0外)、中性或碱性溶液pH自动调整至6.4左右.在强酸性条件下(相对工业废水酸度),电气石对Cd2+离子吸附优于其他矿物材料且符合Langmuir和Freundlich模型,相比之下,更符合Langmuir模型.通过Langmuir模型计算得出,在pH4.0,温度15,25和35℃时电气石对Cd2+离子的饱和吸附量分别为31.77,33.11和40.16mg/g,因此,电气石对酸性溶液中Cd2+有较好的吸附效果.电气石对Cd2+的吸附符合准二级动力学模型,热力学参数表明该吸附过程是吸热自发过程.通过对溶液中Cd2+离子吸附过程pH的变化趋势、电气石吸附前后Zeta电位的变化、不同温度下溶液中Ca2+,Mg2+和K+总释放量与Cd2+离子吸附量的相关性,以及FTIR红外光谱分析,证实电气石对Cd2+离子的吸附机理涉及物理吸附和化学吸附过程,主要包括水体自发极化、静电吸附和离子交换.在这些机理中,电气石对水体自发极化是电气石特有的性质.

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