2 Sun J M, Liu T S. Multiple origins and interpretations of the magnetic susceptibility signal in Chinese wind-blown sediments. Earth Planet Sci Lett, 2000, 180: 287-296？？
[2]
12 Chlachula J, Evans M E, Rutter N W. A magnetic investigation of a late Quaternary loess/paleosol record in Siberia. Geophys J Int, 1998, 132: 128-132
[3]
13 Kravchinsky V A, Zykina V S, Zykin V S. Magnetic indicator of global paleoclimate cycles in Siberian loess-paleosol sequences. Earth Planet Sci Lett, 2008, 265: 498-514？？
20 Liu X M, Liu T S, Paul H, et al. Two pedogenic models for paleoclimatic records of magnetic susceptibility from Chinese and Siberian loess. Sci China Ser D-Earth Sci, 2008, 51: 284-293？？
23 Song Y G, Shi Z T, Dong H M, et al. Loess magnetic susceptibility in Central Asia and its paleoclimatic significance. Int Geosci Remote Sens Symp, 2008, 2: 1227-1230
34 Fabian K. Some additional parameters to estimate domain state from isothermal magnetization measurements. Earth Planet Sci Lett, 2003, 213: 337-345？？
38 Dunlop D J, Argyle K S. Thermoremanence, anhysteretic remanence and susceptibility of submicron magnetites: Nonlinear field dependence and variation with grain size. J Geophys Res, 1997, 102: 20199-20210？？
[23]
39 Florindo F, Zhu R X, Guo B, et al. Magnetic proxy climate results from the Duanjiapo loess section, southernmost extremity of the Chinese loess plateau. J Geophys Res, 1999, 104: 645-659？？
[24]
40 Thompson R, Oldfield F. Environmental Magnetism. London: Allen and Unwin, 1986. 1-227
[25]
41 Evans M E, Heller F. Environemental Magnetism: Principles and Applications of Environmagnetics. San Diego: Academic Press, 2003. 1-299
[26]
49 Bloemendal J, King J W, Hall F R, et al. Rock magnetism of late Neogene and Pleistocene deep-sea sediments: Relationship of sediment source, diagenetic processes and sediment lithology. J Geophys Res, 1992, 97: 4361-4375？？
[27]
50 Hunt C P, Singer M J, Kletetschka G, et al. Effect of citrate-bicarbonate-dithionite treatment on fine-grained magnetite and maghemite. Earth Planet Sci Lett, 1995, 130: 87-94？？
[28]
51 Liu X M, Rolph T, Bloemendal J. The Citrate-Bicarbonate-Dithionite (CBD) removable magnetic component of Chinese loess. Quat Proc, 1995, 4: 53-58
[29]
52 Pinchas F, Kenneth L V, Michael J S. Pedogenic and lithogenic contribution to the magnetic susceptibility record of the Chinese loess/palaeosol sequence. Geophys J Int, 1995, 122: 97-107？？
[30]
55 Liu Q S, Jackson M J, Yu Y J, et al. Grain size distribution of pedogenic magnetic particles in Chinese loess/paleosols. Geophys Res Lett, 2004, 31: L22603, doi: 10.1029/2004GL021090？？
[31]
57 Liu Q S, Deng C L, Torrent J, et al. Review of recent developments in mineral magnetism of the Chinese loess. Quat Sci Rev, 2007, 26: 368-385？？
[32]
58 Nie J S, Song Y G, John W, et al. Consistent grain size distribution of pedogenic maghemite of surface soils and Miocene loessic soils on the Chinese Loess Plateau. J Quat Sci, 2009, 25: 261-266
[33]
59 Spassov S, Heller F, Kretzschmar R, et al. Detrital and pedogenic magnetic mineral phases in the loess/palaeosol sequence at Lingtai (Central Chinese Loess Plateau). Phys Earth Planet Int, 2003, 140: 255-275？？
[34]
60 Sun J M. Source regions and formation of the Loess sediments on the high mountain regions of northwestern China. Quat Res, 2002, 58: 341-351？？
62 Zan J B, Fang X M, Yang S L, et al. A rock magnetic study of loess from the West Kunlun Mountains. J Geophys Res, 2010, 115: B10101, doi: 10.1029/2009JB007184
[37]
69 Torrent J, Barrón V, Liu Q S. Magnetic enhancement is linked to and precedes hematite formation in aerobic soil. Geophys Res Lett, 2006, 33: L02401, doi: 10.1029/2005GL024818？？
[38]
70 Torrent J, Liu Q S, Bloemendal J, et al. Magnetic enhancement and iron oxides in the upper Luochuan loess-paleosol sequence, Chinese Loess Plateau. Soil Sci Soc Am J, 2007, 71: 1570-1578？？
[39]
71 Torrent J, Liu Q S, Barrón V. Magnetic minerals in Calcic Luvisols (Chromic) developed in a warm Mediterranean region of Spain: Origin and paleoenvironmental significance. Geoderma, 2010, 154: 465-472？？
[40]
72 Liu Q S, Barrón V, Torrent J, et al. The magnetism of intermediate hydromaghemite in the transformation of 2-line ferrihydrite into hematite and its paleoenvironmental implications. J Geophys Res, 2008, 113: B01103, doi: 10.1029/2007JB005207
[41]
1 Maher B A. Magnetic properties of modern soils and Quaternary loessic paleosols: Paleoclimatic implications. Paleogeogr Paleoclimatol Paleoecol, 1998, 37: 25-54
[42]
3 Maher B A, Taylor R M. Formation of ultrafine magnetite in soils. Nature, 1988, 336: 368-370？？
[43]
4 Zhou L P, Oldfield F, Wintle A G, et al. Partly pedogenic origin of magnetic variations in Chinese loess. Nature, 1990, 346: 737-739？？
[44]
5 Liu X M, Shaw J, Liu T S, et al. Magnetic mineralogy of Chinese loess and its significance. Geophys J Int, 1992, 108: 301-308？？
[45]
6 Evans M E, Heller F. Magnetic enhancement and paleoclimate: Study of a loess/paleosol couplet across the Loess Plateau of China. Geo-phys J Int, 1994, 117: 257-264
[46]
7 Evans M E, Heller F. Magnetism of loess palaeosol sequence: Recent developments. Earth-Sci Rev, 2001, 54: 129-144？？
[47]
8 Liu Q S, Jackson M J, Banerjee S K, et al. Mechanism of magnetic susceptibility enhancements of the Chinese loess. J Geophys Res, 2004, 109: B12107
[48]
9 Begét J E, Hawkins D B. Influence of orbital parameters on Pleistocene loess deposition in central Alaska. Nature, 1989, 337: 151-153？？
[49]
10 Begét J, Stone D, Hawkins D. Paleoclimate forcing of magnetic susceptibility variations in Alaskan loess. Geology, 1990, 18: 40-43？？
[50]
11 Begét J. Tephrochronology and paleoclimatology of the last interglacial cycle recorded in Alaska loess deposits. Quat Int, 1996, 34-36: 121-126
[51]
15 Matasova G, Petrovsky E, Jordanova N, et al. Magnetic study of Late Pleistocene loess/palaeosol sections from Siberia: Palaeoenvironmental implications. Geophys J Int, 2001, 147: 367-380？？
[52]
16 Zhu R X, Matasova G, Kazansky A, et al. Rock magnetic record of the last glacial-interglacial cycle from the Kurtak loess section, southern Siberia. Geophys J Int, 2003, 152: 335-343？？
33 Leonhardt R. Analyzing rock magnetic measurements: The RockMagAnalyzer 1.0 software. Comput Geosci-UK, 2006, 32: 1420-1431
[55]
36 Hao Q Z, Oldfield F, Bloemendal J, et al. Particle size separation and evidence for pedogenesis in samples from the Chinese Loess Plateau spanning the past 22 m.y. Geology, 2008, 36: 727-730？？
[56]
37 Maher B A. Magnetic properties of some synthetic sub-micron magnetites. Geophys J, 1988, 94: 83-96？？
[57]
42 Forster T, Heller F. Magnetic enhancement paths in loess sediments from Tajikistan, China and Hungary. J Geophys Res Lett, 1997, 24: 17-20？？
[58]
43 Pan Y X, Zhu R X, Shaw J, et al. Can relative palaeointensities be determined from the normalized magnetisation of the wind-blown loess of China? J Geophys Res, 2001, 106: 19221-19232
[59]
44 Cui Y L, Verosub K L. The effect of low-temperature oxidation on large mutli-domain magnetite. Geophys Res Lett, 1994, 21: 757-760？？
[60]
45 Velzen A J V, Dekkers M J. Low-temperature oxidation of magnetite in loess paleosol sequences: A correction of rock magnetic parameters. Stud Geophys Geod, 1999, 43: 357-375？？
[61]
46 刘青松, Banerjee S K, Jackson M J, 等. 低温氧化作用对中国黄土记录剩磁的影响. 科学通报, 2003, 48: 193-198
[62]
47 Liu Q S, Banerjee S K, Jackson M J, et al. New insights into partial oxidation model of magnetites and thermal alteration of magnetic mineralogy of the Chinese loess in air. Geophys J Int, 2004, 158: 506-514？？
[63]
48 Deng C L, Vidic N J, Verosub K L, et al. Mineral magnetic variation of the Jiaodao Chinese loess/paleosol sequence and its bearing on long-term climatic variability. J Geophys Res, 2005, 110: B03103, doi: 10.1029/2004JB003451
[64]
53 Liu Q S, Banerjee S K, Jackson M J, et al. An integrated study of the grain-size-dependent magnetic mineralogy of the Chinese loess/paleosol and its environmental significance. J Geophys Res, 2003, 108: 2437, doi: 10.1029/2002JB002264？？
[65]
54 Liu Q S, Banerjee S K, Michael J, et al. Grain sizes of susceptibility and anhysteretic remanent magnetization carriers in Chinese loess/paleosol sequences. J Geophys Res, 2004, 109: B03101, doi: 10.1029/2003JB002747
[66]
56 Liu Q S, Jose T, Barbara A M, et al. Quantifying grain size distribution of pedogenic magnetic particles in Chinese loess and its significance. J Geophys Res, 2005, 110: B11102, doi: 10.1029/2005JB003726
65 Verosub K, Fine P, Singer M, et al. Pedogenesis and paleoclimate: Interpretation of the magnetic susceptibility record of Chinese loess-paleosol sequences. Geology, 1993, 21: 1011-1014？？
[70]
66 Fassbinder J W E, Stanjek H, Vali H. Occurrence of magnetic bacteria in soil. Nature, 1993, 343: 161-163
[71]
67 Maher B A, Thompson R, Zhou L P. Spatial and temporal reconstructions of changes in the Asian palaeomonsoon: A new mineral magnetic approach. Earth Planet Sci Lett, 1994, 125: 461-471？？
[72]
68 Maher B A, Alekseev A, Alekseeva T. Magnetic mineralogy of soils across the Russian Steppe: Climatic dependence of pedogenic magnetite formation. Paleogeogr Paleoclimatol Paleoecol, 2003, 201: 321-341？？
[73]
73 Bidegain J C, Rico Y, Bartel A, et al. Magnetic parameters reflecting pedogenesis in Pleistocene loess deposits of Argentina. Quat Int, 2009, 209: 175-186？？
[74]
74 Matasova G, Kazansky A. Contribution of paramagnetic minerals to magnetic properties of loess-soil deposits in Siberia and its paleoclimatic implications. Izv Phys Solid Earth, 2005, 41: 81-89
