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科学通报  2012 

GPS,OBP和GRACE估计地球动力学扁率变化及其地球物理激发

DOI: 10.1360/972011-1934, PP. 3484-3492

Keywords: 地球动力学扁率,GPS,GRACE,地球物理激发

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Abstract:

行星地球是一个旋转的扁椭球体,其动力学扁率(即J2)变化主要由地球系统物质流动和各圈层相互作用引起.目前国际上地球动力学扁率测定主要用卫星激光测距(SLR)资料得到,然而SLR地面观测台站少,南北半球分布不均,且不是连续观测,以及受动力学模型和常数等影响.尽管新一代重力卫星(GRACE)观测大大提高了地球重力场球谐系数低阶项一两个数量级,但对二阶项C20不敏感.本文利用全球连续GPS观测得到的地表负荷位移估计地球动力学扁率J2,并联合GPS与海底气压(OBP)以及OBP和GRACE资料分别估计地球动力学扁率J2,比较和分析地球动力学扁率多尺度变化特征及其机理.结果发现GPS单独估计结果振幅偏小,GPS+OBP,GPS+OBP+GRACE和GRACE估计J2周年变化与SLR结果非常接近.而J2半周年变化,GRACE估计相对较差,主要由于GRACE资料处理没有很好扣除约161天的S2潮汐影响.另外,GPS+OBP和GPS+OBP+GRACE估计J2季节内和年季变化与SLR结果较一致,而GRACE和GPS单独估计结果与SLR结果偏差较大.并进一步利用地球物理模型资料研究对J2变化的贡献,结果表明,地球动力学扁率J2季节性、季节内和年季变化主要由大气、海洋和陆地水地表流体质量重新分布和迁移激发.

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