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科学通报  2015 

海岸环境中微塑料污染及其生态效应研究进展

DOI: 10.1360/N972015-00714, PP. 3210-3220

Keywords: 微塑料,海岸环境,复合污染,生态效应

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Abstract:

海洋及海岸环境中的微塑料作为一种新型污染物近年来受到广泛关注.通过系统调研,综述了近10年来国际上在海岸环境中微塑料污染及其生态效应方面的研究进展;认为完善高效准确的微塑料分析与鉴定方法,建立可靠的源解析技术和模型仍然是当前海岸环境微塑料研究亟待解决的关键技术难点.同时,基于洋流、潮汐等水动力模型揭示海岸环境微塑料的时空分布规律,结合微塑料表面特性阐明微塑料与毒害污染物结合与释放机制,系统构建微塑料及其复合污染物的生态与健康风险评估的方法学平台和基础数据库将是今后该领域研究的热点.因此,在联系国际前沿科学问题与关键技术难点的基础上,紧密结合海岸带污染特征,未来应重点加强海岸带微塑料污染状况的调查、监测、与其他新型污染物的复合机制、跨营养级生物传递与富集规律、以及管理体系等研究,以提升海岸带微塑料污染的研究水平和监管能力.

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