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科学通报  2012 

粒度揭示的青藏高原湖泊水动力现代过程:以藏南普莫雍错为例

, PP. 1775-1784

Keywords: 粒度,环境意义,普莫雍错,湖泊水动力辨析,粒径趋势分析

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Abstract:

在全球变暖的背景下,冰川融水占重要补给地位的湖泊对气温变化具有潜在的敏感性.本文以藏南普莫雍错为例,通过湖泊现代水动力过程解析,结合古湖泊学气候环境序列对比,辨析湖泊沉积物中粒度对气温变化敏感性.根据表层沉积物的粒度参数、各粒级百分含量的空间格局以及频率分布曲线特征,分析了该湖不同湖区的水动力环境.结果表明,该湖碎屑沉积可分为5种类型,其中开阔湖区除小岛周围和北岸受近岸碎屑影响外,其他中心湖区主要受悬移搬运控制;沉积动力学模型(粒径趋势方法)分析表明,该湖开阔湖区沉积物具有自西向东运移的输运趋势,表明该湖西部冰川融水补给河流加曲对湖泊的影响不仅限制在冲积扇上,而且影响到整个湖泊,从而也表明了湖泊沉积物粒度的温度指示意义;中心湖区沉积物岩芯粒度指标与气温资料时间序列的对比,验证了在短时间尺度上,粒度环境意义为区域温度的良好指示器,进而验证了水动力现代过程辨析方法的可靠性.作为案例研究,本研究表明,沉积物粒径趋势分析和沉积模式常规对比方法能够辨析青藏高原冰川融水补给湖泊的水动力过程,进而有助于理解钻孔的碎屑来源和粒度大小的控制性因素,有利于提高该类湖泊的古气候反演能力.

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