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科学通报  2013 

大气污染对儿童鼻炎发病率的影响

, PP. 2577-2583

Keywords: 空气污染,过敏性鼻炎,背景浓度,逻辑回归,个人暴露

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Abstract:

近年来,我国儿童过敏性鼻炎发病率迅速增加,但其原因尚不明确.近期研究表明,我国室外大气污染不断加剧可能是导致儿童鼻炎的潜在原因,因此,本文主要研究室外大气污染物对鼻炎发病率的影响.本研究对长沙市4988个1~8岁儿童进行标准问卷调查,问卷包括健康状况、家庭环境、过敏原暴露等因素,同时收集了长沙市2006~2011年室外大气污染物PM10,SO2,NO2浓度监测数据.结果表明,长沙市3~6岁儿童确诊鼻炎发病率为8.4%(95%CI,7.0%~10.0%).儿童鼻炎发病率与室外污染物平均背景浓度无关,而与年龄累积PM10,SO2,NO2浓度显著正相关.研究表明儿童长期暴露于高浓度大气污染可能是导致鼻炎的重要原因.

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