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科学通报  2014 

南极高原夏季Ekman边界层动力学分析

DOI: 10.1360/972013-864, PP. 999-1005

Keywords: 南极,昆仑观测站,Ekman,边界层,厚度湍流应力

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Abstract:

极地大气行星边界层动力过程及其对全球大气环流的影响是大气科学研究关注的重要问题.利用中国南极昆仑站2012和2013年夏季高分辨率的GPS探空资料,对南极高原大气边界层的动力特征进行了研究.结果表明,南极高原观测风随高度的变化规律与理论计算的Ekman螺旋曲线基本一致.风速随高度增加快速、风向左转.这是在南半球观测到的显著Ekman垂直结构特征.Ekman动力边界层的厚度较高,平均从900m向上至3400m,900m以下为对流混合层.整个层结呈干冷和稳定状态,显示了南极高原边界层动力结构具有其独特性.计算的南极高原湍流摩擦应力明显大于中低纬度地区的值,表明南极高原行星边界层动力摩擦效应对全球大气环流的影响显著.

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