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科学通报  2014 

两级闪蒸和闪蒸-双工质地热发电热力学比较

DOI: 10.1360/972013-49, PP. 1040-1045

Keywords: 地热发电,两级闪蒸,双工质循环,闪蒸-双工质联合发电,热效率

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Abstract:

我国中低温地热资源主要分布在东南沿海地区,主要用于洗浴等,使得大量热能白白浪费.为提高我国中低温地热资源的能量转换利用率,本文提出了两级地热闪蒸和地热闪蒸-双工质联合发电方式,以单位热水发电量、热效率和产汽率为性能指标,通过数值计算,分析地热水温度对两种不同地热发电系统的性能指标影响以及地热尾水温度的影响,并对两种发电系统的选用条件作了论述.结果表明,闪蒸-双工质联合发电系统的单位热水的发电量随温度升高的增加量大于两级闪蒸的增加量.当热水温度在80~130℃时,两级地热闪蒸发电系统的单位热水净发电量比闪蒸-双工质联合系统的单位热水净发电量多达19.4%;当热水温度在130~150℃时,闪蒸-双工质联合系统的单位热水净发电量比两级地热闪蒸发电系统的单位热水净发电量多达5.5%.两级地热闪蒸发电系统闪蒸产汽量总和约为闪蒸-双工质发电系统闪蒸产汽量的2~3倍.当热水温度低于130℃并且热水量较大时,可以采用闪蒸-双工质联合发电系统,当热水温度高于130℃,并且地热水中的不凝气体含量低于3%时,可以考虑两级闪蒸发电系统;和两级闪蒸发电系统尾水相比,较高温度的闪蒸-双工质发电系统尾水资源梯级利用效率更高.

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