全部 标题 作者
关键词 摘要

OALib Journal期刊
ISSN: 2333-9721
费用:99美元

查看量下载量

相关文章

更多...
科学通报  2012 

柴油机排气稀释过程中挥发性纳米颗粒形成和变化特性

DOI: 10.1360/csb2012-57-2-3-194, PP. 194-200

Keywords: 柴油机尾气,挥发性纳米颗粒,H2SO4-H2O,二元均相成核,气溶胶动力学变化

Full-Text   Cite this paper   Add to My Lib

Abstract:

建立了描述柴油机排气稀释过程中挥发性纳米颗粒形成和变化的H2SO4-H2O二元均相成核和气溶胶动力学耦合模型.利用该模型模拟计算H2SO4-H2O二元均相成核作用下分子团簇的生成率和团簇粒径等参数,以及分子团簇向挥发性纳米颗粒转化过程的气溶胶动力学作用;并考察了燃料硫含量和实验室内稀释采样条件变化对柴油机排气中挥发性纳米颗粒数浓度粒径分布的影响.研究表明H2SO4-H2O二元均相成核作用产生大量分子团簇,燃料硫、温度、湿度对分子团簇的生成率和团簇粒径产生显著影响.凝并作用使成核作用产生的分子团簇由单分散系向多分散系转化,形成挥发性纳米颗粒;凝结作用进一步促进颗粒向大粒子方向迁移,排气中碳烟粒子会抑制挥发性纳米颗粒的形成;燃料硫含量和稀释参数(初级通道内混合气稀释比、温/湿度和停留时间)等均显著影响挥发性纳米颗粒的数浓度粒径分布.

References

[1]  1 Liao C M, Chio C P, Chen W Y, et al. Lung cancer risk in relation to traffic-related nano/ultrafine particle-bound PAHs exposure:A preliminary probabilistic assessment. J Hazard Mater, 2011, 190:150–158??
[2]  2 Charron A, Harrison R M. Primary particle formation from vehicle emissions during exhaust dilution in the roadside atmosphere. Atmos Environ, 2003, 37:4109–4119??
[3]  3 Seinfeld J H, Pandis S N. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics:From Air Pollution to Climate Change. Hoboken:John Wiley & Sons Inc,1998. 520–524
[4]  5 Wong C P, Chan T L, Leung C W. Characterisation of diesel exhaust particle number and size distributions using mini-dilution tunnel and ejector-diluter measurement techniques. Atmos Environ, 2003, 37:4435–4446??
[5]  7 Zhang K M, Wexler A S. Evolution of particle number distribution near roadways:Part I. Analysis of aerosol dynamics and its implications for engine emission measurement. Atmos Environ, 2004, 38:6643–6653??
[6]  13 Shi J P, Harrison R M. Investigation of ultrafine particle formation during diesel exhaust dilution. Environ Sci Technol, 1999, 33:3730–3736??
[7]  14 Vouitsis E, Ntziachristos L, Samaras Z. Modelling of diesel exhaust aerosol during laboratory sampling. Atmos Environ, 2005, 39:1335–1345??
[8]  15 李新令, 黄震, 王嘉松, 等. 二甲醚发动机超细颗粒排放属性实验研究. 科学通报, 2007, 52:1707–1713
[9]  17 刘炜, 张武高, 李新令, 等. 低硫柴油直喷燃烧超细颗粒排放特性研究. 科学通报, 2009, 54:1773–1778
[10]  4 Mathis U, Mohr M, Zenobi R. Effect of organic compounds on nanoparticle formation in diluted diesel exhaust. Atmos Chem Phys, 2004,4:609–620??
[11]  6 成晓北, 黄荣华, 陈德良. 测量条件对柴油机排放PM 粒径分布的影响. 车用发动机, 2006, 1:53–57
[12]  8 付娟, 宁智, 卢小珍. 汽车排气颗粒的形成及其演变分析. 环境科学与管理, 2006, 31:56–58
[13]  9 Fuchs N A. Mechinics of Aerosols. New York:Pergamon Press, 1964. 21
[14]  10 Doyle G J. Self-nucleation in the sulfuric acid-water system. J Chem Phys, 1961, 35:795–799??
[15]  11 Reiss J. The kinetics of phase transition in binary system. J Chem Phys, 1950, 18:840–848??
[16]  12 Roedel W. Measurement of sulfuric acid saturation vapor pressure:Implications for aerosol formation by heteromolecular nucleation. J Aerosol Sci, 1979, 10:375–386??
[17]  16 李新令. 发动机超细颗粒排放特性及其在排气稀释过程中变化研究. 博士学位论文. 上海:上海交通大学, 2007
[18]  18 Mathis U, Ristimaki J, Mohr M. Sampling conditions for the measurement of nucleation mode particles in the exhaust of a diesel vehicle. Aerosol Sci Technol, 2004, 38:1149–1160

Full-Text

Contact Us

service@oalib.com

QQ:3279437679

WhatsApp +8615387084133