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气温变化条件下融雪速率和土壤水分变化的同步观测试验

, PP. 890-897

Keywords: 气候变化,积雪,土壤水分,温度,融雪速率,伊犁

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Abstract:

气候变化可以改变积雪持续的时间、雪盖储水量及积雪开始融化的时间,从而影响土壤水分时空分配。利用TFACE(temperaturefreeaircontrolledenhancement)的增温装置,在中国科学院天山积雪与雪崩研究站的融雪季节进行为期一个月的室外增温试验。试验包括3种处理自然状态、增温Ⅰ和增温Ⅱ。结果表明气温的升高和增温区内局部空气热对流加入的黑色粉尘物质加速了积雪的消融;在增温Ⅰ和增温Ⅱ条件下,积雪将提前19d和25d消融,相应的各土层土壤水分也出现不同程度的增加。与此同时,土壤水分最大值也提前13d和22d。土壤水分极值的提前预示着以融雪水为重要来源、以超渗产流模式为主的河流洪峰的提前,或者超渗产流模式向蓄满产流模式的转变。这将给区域内水资源的时空分布和管理分配带来影响。

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