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秸秆还田对旱作冬小麦后茬土壤水分的影响及其APSIM模拟

, PP. 609-614

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Abstract:

模型作为一种作物生长机理模型,可敏感捕捉气候变化、土壤水分变化引致的系统组分响应,适用于降水不确定性地区的农业系统生产预测。为确定APSIM模型对秸秆还田等水土保持耕作拦截夏季降水的模拟功能,在甘肃黄土高原开展了秸秆还田处理,对冬小麦收获后休闲期土壤水分的影响及其APSIM模拟。结果表明自然降水条件下,免耕+秸秆还田(S)处理下土壤水分蒸发量较休闲裸地(F)、耕作+覆草(TS)及传统耕作(T)降低16.7%~23.9%,裸地休闲或耕作会造成土壤水分流失,秸秆还田的保水作用明显,APSIM模拟可代表71%~92%的土壤水分变化;在人工模拟降水(66mm·h-1)情况下,土壤蒸发在2t·hm-2(SS)、4t·hm-2(LS)秸秆还田量下比裸露休闲地(F)分别降低了27.8%和49.4%,APSIM模拟值解释了96%~99%的土壤水分变化。表明本土化的APSIM模型可以描述研究区土壤水分变化,适用于农业系统研究。

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